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AP English
Poetry terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| pun | a joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike but have different meanings. a play on words |
| direct metaphor | directly comparing two things not using like or as |
| implied metaphor | when the comparison is harder to detect because it is not as explicit. The comparison is hinted |
| simile | comparing two things using like or as |
| personification | giving an inanimate objects human-like qualities |
| irony | when the opposite of what you expect to happen, happens |
| hyperbole | overexaggeration, generally to dramatize or emphasize |
| litotes | ironical understatement in which an something good is expressed by the negative of its contrary. for example, "you won't be sorry" means "you'll be glad" |
| synecdoche | part of something represents the whole or it may use a whole to represent a part. this also works with larger groups representing smaller groups |
| metonymy | figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated |
| oxymoron | Words that really are opposite to each other that are put together |
| apostrophe | figure of speech sometimes represented by exclamation “O”. A writer or a speaker, using an apostrophe, detaches himself from the reality and addresses an imaginary character in his speech |
| euphemism | polite, indirect expressions which replace words and phrases considered harsh and impolite or which suggest something unpleasant |
| antithesis | literal meaning opposite, is a rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect |
| conceit | a kind of metaphor that compares two very unlike things in a surprising and clever way. can be extended metaphors that dominate an entire passage or poem |
| anaphora | the deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve an artistic effect |
| alliteration | the repetition of a common letter or sound in a literary work |
| assonance | the repetition of a vowel sound or diphthong in non-rhyming words. the words must be close enough for the repetition of the sound to be noticeable |
| consonance | repetitive sounds produced by consonants within a sentence or phrase. This repetition often takes place in quick succession such as in pitter, patter |
| cacophony | the use of words with sharp, harsh, hissing and unmelodious sounds primarily those of consonants to achieve desired results |
| euphony | the use of words and phrases that are distinguished as having a wide range of noteworthy melody or loveliness in the sounds they create |
| verbal irony | irony in which a person says or writes one thing and means another, or uses words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of the literal meaning |
| situational irony | occurs when incongruity appears between expectations of something to happen, and what actually happens instead |
| paradox | a statement that appears to be self-contradictory or silly but may include a latent truth |
| onomatopoeia | a term that is used to describe the literal sound of things |
| slant rhyme | rhyme in which the stressed syllables of ending consonants match, however the preceding vowel sounds do not match |
| asyndeton | the omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence |
| polysyndeton | stylistic device in which several coordinating conjunctions are used in succession in order to achieve an artistic effect |
| chiasmus | literary figure in which words, grammatical constructions, or concepts are repeated in reverse order, in the same or a modified form |
| synesthesia | technique adopted by writers to present ideas, characters or places in such a manner that they appeal to more than one senses |
| sonnet | a poem structure that has 14 fourteen lines and is written in iambic pentameter |
| terza rima | a type of poem that consists of stanzas of three lines (or tercets) usually in iambic pentameter. It follows an interlocking rhyming scheme, or chain rhyme |
| loose sentence | begins with a main clause that is followed by phrases and/or clauses that modify the main clause |
| periodic sentence | has the main clause or predicate at the end. Used for emphasis. Can be persuasive by putting reasons for something at the beginning before the final point is made. It can also create suspense or interest for the reader |
Created by:
maddieweiland
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