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Wars of the roses

QuestionAnswer
What was England like in 1450? Roman Catholic-church played an important role in people's lives Gov based on kings court Agriculture main livelihood, wool main export item Bastard feudalism (hybrid of obligation lands holding) + unequal in terms of wealth
What rebellion happened in 1450 and what was significant about It? Cades rebellion (kent) Wanted an end to poor gov e.g. removal of certain councillors They used the duo of York's mothers family (Mortimer) which suggested he supported them
Who was killed during cades rebellion? Duke of Suffolk, Lord saye
What sort of a man was Henry VI? Pious (religious) Unstable + weak willed Politically naive not as successful as his father- not a warrior Fragile mental state- mental breakdown in 1453 (birth of his son same yr) dependent on small group of nobles e.g. somerset
Year of the treaty of tours? 1444
When does Henry VI marry Margaret of anjou? 1445
What does over mighty subject and under monarch mean? Over mighty subject=strong noble e.g. duke of Somerset or York Under mighty monarch=weak king
Who does Henry favour at the expense of the Gloucesters? The Beauforts e.g. family of Edmund duke of Somerset
Who was henrys leading adviser? Duke of Suffolk who gets killed in cades rebellion
Allies of somerset? Percies (against nevilles) and Exeter (against Cromwell)
Allies of Richard duke of aYork? Nevilles (against Percies) and Cromwell (against Exeter)
When does York return from Ireland? Summer 1450
When is Richard created heir presumptive? 1447
What happens in 1452? Dartford public apology
Richards first protectorate? 1453-54 (tried to get rid of somerset)
1455? Somerset reinstated + captain of calais (previously held by york) and battle of st albans
Six Battles Now We Must Survive Towton St Albans 1455 Northampton 1460 Wakefield 1460 (L) Mortimers cross 1461 Second st Albans 1461 (L) Towton
What role did Margaret of anjou take after 1455? Similar to Somerset, took to decision making as Henry lacked will power- unexpected of medieval queens as they are supposed to be peaceful
What was the uneasy peace 1455-59? Margaret established a rival court in the Midlands with city of Coventry emerging as lancastrian capital
Factional divisions 1456 Lancastrians= M of A, Henry VI, Somerset, Percies (northumberland), Exeter Yorkists= York, earl of Warwick (Neville), Salisbury, London, House of Commons and Calais
Significance of the 'Loveday' march 1458? Caused by st Albans, was an attempt at reconciliation, BUT failed to do so Potential consequences? Makes public think English monarchy is divided
1460? Act of accord- Henry would remain king for his lifetime but heir would be York
1459? Parliament of devils act of attainder- land to be taken off yorkists if they returned to England
Reasons for Edwards success? Margarets decisions Support from London Support from Warwick Edwards abilities God's will- 3 suns at Mortimer cross Yorkists claim Henry VI's failure Duke of York
How many lines did Edward have from Edward III? 2, stronger than Henry VI
1464? Edward marries Elizabeth Woodville (against Warwick wishes)
Warwick and clarence rebellion 1469-70 Had French help forcing ed to flee to burgundy, Henry VI back on throne Burgundy- offered ed refuge and helped in regaining England, offered money etc
Crushing of lancastrians 1470-71 Ed made most of lancastrian disunity (no figurehead) Burgundy gave £20,000, ships ans facilities to prepare invasion No lancastrian heir Battle of barnet- confusion in Warwick army with symbols + started fighting own men Tewkesbury- Prince ed killed
Created by: SophieJayne
 

 



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