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What were the two countries fought in the war for independence?
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Both the ________ and _______ expected the ________ for ________ to be ___________.
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Chap. 2 Sec. 1

American History

QuestionAnswer
What were the two countries fought in the war for independence? The United States (i.e. colonists) and England (i.e. British)
Both the ________ and _______ expected the ________ for ________ to be ___________. Both the British and the Americans expected for the war for independence to be short.
The _______ planned to _________ the _______ by ___________. The British planned to crush the (rebellious) colonists by force.
Who were Patriots? Patriots were Americans who supported independence.
What did most Patriots believe? Most Patriots (i.e. Americans who supported independence) believed that the British would give up after loosing one or two major battles.
Who had an overwhelming advantage at first glance? What was it? The British had an overwhelming advantage at first glance. They had the strongest navy in the world; an experienced and well-trained army; and the wealth of a worldwide empire. Britain also had a much larger population than the United States.
How did Britain outnumber the United States? Britain had 9 million people compared to only 2.5 million people in the U.S.
What was a colonist disadvantage? (1) The colonists suffered serious disadvantages. They lacked a regular army and a strong navy. American soldiers lacked military experience, weapons, and ammunition.
What were militia groups? Local forces.
What was another colonist disadvantage? (2) Most patriots belonged to militia groups. But they were volunteer soldiers who served for short periods of time before returning home to tend their farms.
What was a third Patriot disadvantage? (3) Another obstacle the Patriots faced was that not all Americans supported the struggle for independence. Some people were neutral, taking neither side in the conflict.
What is an example of a group of Americans that were "neutral"? The Quakers, for example, would not participate in the war because they opposed all armed conflict. Some Americans remained loyal to Britain.
Who were Loyalists? What did they do? Loyalists (i.e. Tories) were those who remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for independence. Perhaps one American in every five was a loyalist.
What is another name for "loyalist"? Tories.
Why did some people change sides? Some people changed sides during the war depending on which army was the closest.
Where was Loyalist support strongest? Where was it the weakest? Loyalist support was strongest in the Carolina's and Georgia. It was weakest in New England.
Why did Loyalists support Britain? Part 1 Loyalists supported Britain for different reasons. Some remained loyal because they were members of the Anglican Church headed by the British King. Some depended on the British for their jobs.
Why did Loyalists support Britain? Part 2 Many feared the disorder that would come from challenging the established government.
The issue of ________ disrupted normal relations. Friends and _______ were ____________ over _______ to __________-. The issue of independence disrupted normal relations. Friends and families were divided over loyalty to Britain.
Some _________ _______ sided with the _______. Some African Americans sided with the Loyalists.
Why did some African Americans side with the loyalists (i.e. support Britain)? At the start of the war, the British appealed to enslaved African Americans to join them. Lord Dunmore , the royal governor of Virginia, announced that slaves who fought on the side of the British would be freed, and many men answered his call.
Who was Lord Dunmore? The royal governor of Virginia.
Where did the enslaved African Americans who answered Lord Dunmores call end up? Some of them ended up free in Canada, and others settled the British colony of Sierra Leone in Africa.
What were the Americans advantages? Part 1 They were fighting on their own ground and fought with great determination to protect it. The British on the other hand, had to wage war in a faraway land and were forced to ship soldiers and supplies 3,000 miles across the Atlantic Ocean.
What were the Americans advantages? Part 2 The British relied on mercenaries- hired soldiers- to fight. The Americans called mercenaries Hessians, after the region in Germany where most of them lived.
What was the Americans greatest advantage? Their leader George Washington. Few individuals could match him for courage, honesty, and determination.
How did the Americans gain support in the war effort? To gain support for the war effort, the Americans compared their own troops, who were fighting for the freedom of their own land, to the Hessians who fought for money.
What did the Americans place value on? The Americans placed great value on liberty and personal freedom.
In some ways the ___________ _________ was really ____ ______ wars, with _______ _______ pursuing its _____ interests. In some ways, the American Revolution was really 13 separate wars with each state pursuing its own interests.
What did congress experience difficulty with? The congress experienced difficulty enlisting soldiers and raising money to fight the war.
What did the Americans need? Although the militia played an essential role in the Patriots forces, the Americans also needed a regular army- well trained soldiers who could fight anywhere in the colonies.
How did the congress provide a solution? The congress established the continental army, but depended on the states to recruit or enlist soldiers.
How long did soldiers originally enlist for? At first, soldiers signed up for one year of army services. Eventually the continental congress offered enlistments for 3 years or for the length of the war.
Who also fought with the Patriot forces? Women also fought with the Patriot forces. Deborah Sampson of Massachusetts disguised herself as a man so she could fight. When she was wounded, she treated the wounds herself so that no one would discover she was a woman.
Most of the early battles involved a ______ _______. Most early battles involved a few troops.
What is an example of an early battle that involved a few troops? The battle of Bunker Hill, for example, about 2,000 British soldiers fought 1,200 Americans.
What did the British realize after the battle of Bunker Hill? The British had not won a decisive victory over the Patriots however and they realized that they would need more troops to end the war quickly.
What happened in the Summer of 1776? During the summer of 1776, Britain sent 32,000 troops across the Atlantic to New York. The British commander, General William Howe, hoped the sheer size of the Army would convince to make the Patriots give up.
Describe the Battle of Long Island Although Washington and the Patriots had less than 20,000 troops, they were determined. In late August the two sides clashed in the Battle of Long Island. Outnumbered and outmaneuvered, the Continental army suffered a serious defeat to the British Forces.
Who proved himself a hero at the battle of Long Island? How? A patriot Nathan Hale, proved himself a hero at Long Island. A teacher from Connecticut, Hale volunteered to spy on British troops and disguised himself as a dutch schoolteacher. The British discovered his true identity and hanged him.
Who said "I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country." Nathan Hale.
Although the ________ showed ________ ________ of ________, they ran ________ of _______ for the _____. Although the Americans showed no lack of bravery, they ran short of supplies for the Army.
A British officer wrote what? When? In the Autumn of 1776, a British officer wrote that many of the Patriot soldiers on Long Island had not been wearing shoes, socks, or jackets.
Created by: 17tlotito
 

 



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