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Algebra exam 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Quantity | anything that can be measured or counted |
| variable | a symbol, usually a letter, that represents the value of a variable quantity |
| algebraic expressions | a mathematical phrase that includes one or more variables |
| numerical expression | a mathematical phrase involving numbers and operation symbols, but no variables |
| set | a well-defined collection of objects or numbers |
| element of a set | an object or number in a set |
| subset | a set within a set |
| natural numbers | numbers you use to count |
| whole numbers | natural numbers including zero |
| integers | positive and negative natural numbers including zero |
| rational numbers | any number that can be written as a fraction |
| irrational numbers | can't be written as fractions - decimals that go on forever and don't repeat |
| real numbers | rationals and irrationals combined form the real numbers |
| deductive reasoning | the process of reasoning logically from given facts to a conclusion |
| counterexample | an example showing that a statement is false |
| absolute value | the distance of a number from 0, always positive |
| quotient | division |
| more than | addition |
| doubled | multiply |
| product | multiply |
| less than | subtract |
| sum | add |
| increased by | add |
| times | multiply |
| difference | subtract |
| one-seventh of | divide |
| power | represents repeated multiplication |
| exponent | tells you how many times to multiply |
| base | the number being multiplied |
| simplify | changing a numerical expression to its single numerical value |
| reciprocals | multiplicative inverses |
| term | a number, variable, or the product of a number and variable |
| coefficient | the numerical factor of a term |
| constant term | has no variables |
| like terms | have the same variables raised to the same powers |
| equation | a mathematical sentence with an equal sign |
| open sentence | an equation that contains variables and may be true or false depending on the value of the variables |
| solution | a value of the variable that makes the equation true |