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US history final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is Bimetallism? | a monetary system in which the government would give citizens either gold or silver in exchange for paper currency or checks. |
| what did the Grange do? | provide a social outlet and an educational forum for isolated farm families. |
| what was the intent of the homestead act? | encourage white families to develop the West |
| who was the Dawes Act designed to benefit? | the native americans |
| what did the interstate commerce act do? | established the right of the federal government to supervise railroad activities and established a five-member interstate commerce commission (ICC) for that purpose. |
| what is vertical integration? | a process in which he bought out his suppliers-coal fields and iron mines, ore freighters and railroad lines-in order to control raw materials and transportation system. |
| what is social Darwinism? | The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle. |
| what did the Sherman anti-trust do? | made it legal to form a trust that interfered with free trade between states or with other countries. |
| what is the gentlemen s agreement? | agreement by the government of japan to limit Japanese emigration to the united states. |
| what is the main interest of the social gospel movement? | preached salvation through service to the poor. |
| explain what the Americanization movement is. | to assimilate people of wide ranging cultures into the dominant culture. |
| what is the political machine? | an organized group that controls a political party in a city and offers services to voters and businesses in exchange for political and financial support. |
| what development in the late 1800s allowed cities to expand outwards? | transportation |
| what development lowered the price of newspapers to a penny a copy? | press that printed on both sides of the paper at the same time. |
| Describe public education around 1900? | more than half a million students attended high school. |
| Which African American leader expressed the belief that racism would end as blacks acquired practical work skills and proved their economic value to society? | Booker T. Washington |
| What was the Supreme Court’s ruling in the Plessy v. Ferguson case? | that separating the races in public places was legal. |
| What were some of the results of the introduction of the assembly line? | higher worker turn over reduce hours of the workday and higher wages. |
| Explain the 17th amendment and who benefited the most from the passage of the amendment? | called for senators to be elected directly by the people instead of by state lawmakers. |
| What was the primary goal of prohibitionist? | banning of alcoholic beverages |
| Why were early progressive attempts to enact federal bans on child labor unsuccessful? | Illinois factory act |
| What strategies were employed by woman suffragists to obtain their goal? | picketing, marching and going to jail |
| Why was Taft defeated in the election of 1912? | b/c the republican vote was split between Taft and Roosevelt |
| What was the primary motivation for the passage of the 16th Amendment? | to replace revenue lost by enacting lower tariffs |
| What was Teddy Roosevelt’s position regarding Trusts? | efficient and part of the reason for the prosperity |
| What effect did World War I have on the suffrage movement? | it hastened passage and ratification of the 19th amendment |
| What country’s resident’s became citizens of the United States in 1917? | Puerto Rico |
| Who told the artist Frederic Remington, “You furnish the pictures and I’ll furnish the war?” | William Randolph Hearst |
| For which action did Theodore Roosevelt win the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize? | Negotiation an end to war between Russia and japan |
| What did the United States insist Cuba put in it’s constitution? | The Platt Amendment |
| What was included in the de Lome letter? | criticism of president McKinley |
| What war ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1898? | Spanish-American War |
| What was the purpose of the Foraker Act? | to end military rule |
| Why did Jose Marti, a Cuban poet and journalist in exile in New York, organize a guerilla campaign to destroy American-owned property in Cuba? | provoke U.S. intervention in Cuba |
| What countries came under some form of U.S. control as a result of the Spanish-American War? | Hawaii |
| What was the name of the Mexican revolutionary whom General John J. Pershing led a force of fifteen thousand soldiers in an attempt to capture him? | Pancho villa |
| How did the Espionage and Sedition Acts affect freedom of speech? | punished those who spoke out against war or government |
| Why were Labor leaders targeted by the Espionage and Sedition Acts? | demanded better conditions and higher pay |
| What was the name of the policy that kept the United States out of the war for three years? | neutrality (isolationism) |
| What was the Schlieffen Plan? | attack plan by Germans, lightning quick attack on France |
| What were some gains made by American women during World War I? | increased support for women's right to vote and more jobs |
| What reason did Senators give for opposing U.S. membership in the League of Nations? | believed that the league threatened the U.S. foreign policy of isolation |
| Which weapons of mechanized warfare were introduced in World War I? | the tank and airplane |
| how did the horse influence native american life on the great plains? | gave Native Americans speed and mobility. |
| what was the governments policy toward native american land? | they created treaties that defined specif boundaries for each tribe |
| what is the treaty of fort Laramie? | Requiring the Sioux to live on a reservation along the Missouri River |
| what is the sitting bull? | leader of the Hunkpapasioux had never signed it |
| what was the results of Custer's last stand? | Cluster and all of the man of the seventh Cavalry were dead |
| what is assimilation? | a plan under which Native Americans would give up there believes in way of life and become part of the white culture |
| what events led to the battle of the wounded knee? | a shot was fire |
| what does the american cowboy tradition owe to the Mexican vaquero? | skills, dress and speech |
| what developments led to the rapid growth of the cattle industry? | rapidly growing cities |
| how did the cowboys life differ from the myth about it? | cowboys was doing non-stop work while the myth rode the open range,, herding cattle and fighting villains |
| how did the railroads help open the West | federal government made huge land grants |
| in what ways did government policies encourage settlements of the West | the congress pass the Homested Act offering 160 acres of land free to any citizens or intended citizens who was head of the household |
| What was Turners view of the role of the American Frontier 1893? | they think he gave to much importance to the frontier in he nations development and in shaping a special american character |
| how did new inventions change farming in the West? | This inventions made more grain available for a wider market |
| why did farmers think that an increase money supplies would help solve there economic problems | they had to pay back there loans in dollars that was worth more than what they borrowed |
| what were some of the causes of farmers economic problems | they paid outrageously high prices to transport grains, lack of competition among the railroads |
| what was the populist party platform | program that eventually became a democratic party which kept alive the concept that the government is responsible reforming social injustices |
| what cause the panic of 1883 | bankrupt |
| what was the metal that backed paper currency such an important issue in the 1896 presidential campaign | the government supply of gold had warren thin without enough gold backing the paper money |
| what natural resources were most important for industrialization? | oil, coal, and iron |
| how did electricity help change american life? | changed the nature of business. electric power ran through numerous machines, from fans to printing press. |
| what were the effect of the rail road expansion? | railroad labors helped to transform the diverse regions of the country into a united nation. |
| how did the rail roads Affect the cities? | by connecting previous isolated cities, towns, and settlements, the railroads promoted trade and interdependence. |
| what were Andrew Carnegie's management and business strategies? | he tried to control as much steel industry as he could, he did this in order to control the raw materials and the transportation systems. |
| how did economic factors limit industrialization in the south? | the south was still trying to recover from civil war, hindered by alack of capital-money for investments. |
| how did the 1877 strike and Haymarket cause the public to resent the labor movement? | after the bomb in haymarket, the public began to turn against the labor movement. |
| what factors made the triangle shirtwaist fire so lethal? | the fire spread swiftly through the oil-soaked machines and piles of cloth. |
| list 3 major changes in the cities near the turn of the century. what effect did each have? | big cities well planned electric transportation parks |
| why did american children begin attending school at a young age? | Kindergartens, which had been created outside the public school system to offer child care for employed mothers, became increasingly popular. |
| how did the conditions for African Americans in the North differ from their circumstances from the south? | there was racial discrimination, they found themselves in segregated neighborhoods |
| how did the mass production of bicycles change women's lives? | freed women from the scrutiny of the ever-present chaperone. |
| why did the prohibition appeal to so many women? | members advanced their cause by entering saloons, singing, praying and urging saloon keepers to stop selling alcohol. |
| what contribution did muckrakers make to the reform movement? | exposed the dangerous and corruption of the industrial life to the public. |
| why did reformers seek to end child labor? | work long hours and paying low wages in dangerous conditions |
| what kind of job opportunities prompted more women to complete high school? | white collar jobs |
| how did European imperialism affect Africa? | Africa had emerged as a prime target of European expansionism |
| why did Jose marti encourage Cuban rebels to destroy sugar mills and plantations? | to get the US attention |
| what were the terms of the treaty of Paris? | United states had the right to annex Philippines |
| why was puerto rico important tot the united state? | for maintaining a U.S. presence in the Caribbean and protecting a future canal. |
| how did nationalism and imperialism lead to conflict in Europe? | encouraged each nation to pursue its own interest and compete for power. |
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hildarivera0511