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Biology DNA II

Biology DNA part II

QuestionAnswer
A necessary property of genetic material is that it be able to ________ ____________. carry information
Information in DNA is carried in the ___________ ___ ______ and any sequence of bases is possible sequence of bases
Number of paired bases ranges from about __ thousand to __ billion in human chromosomes; this creates an infinite number of variations 5, 6
The structure of DNA allows it to be easily copied or __________ replicated
Since each strand can be used to make the other strand, the strands are said to be _______________ complementary
Replication The process in which a DNA molecule builds an exact duplicate of itself
Parent molecule has ____ _____________ strands of DNA two complementary
First step of separation is the breaking down of the hydrogen bonds between the _______ bases
Second step of separation is that new ______________ are inserted along both sides (both templates) nucleotides
The nucleotides are connected to form the sugar _________ backbones of the new strand phosphate
What are formed to link the two complimentary bases together? hydrogen bonds
What are formed between the sugars and phosphates to join the nucleotides together? Covalent bonds
What is the ratio of errors when creating nucleotides? 1 in 10 billion
Where does replication begin? Origins of Replication
Origins or Replication short stretches of DNA that have a specific sequence of nucleotides
Replication Bubble When proteins that initiate DNA replication recognize this sequence and attach to the DNA at the Origins of Replication and open up a gap
Complementary strands are produced according to the _____ _________ ______ base pairing rules
Replication Fork a "y" shaped region at the end of each replication bubble where the new strands of DNA are elongated
Helicase group of enzymes that breaks the hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs; "unzips" the DNA molecule, forming two replication forks
DNA Polymerase enzymes that add the new nucleotides to the existing chain
Rate of elongation is about ___ nucleotides per second in human cells 50
Which enzyme has proofreading capabilities that makes sure that each new DNA strand is an exact copy DNA Polymerase
How many different DNA Polyerase have been discovered so far? 11
Created by: Crayford
 

 



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