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Chapter 8
States of Matter
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| States of matter | the physical forms of matter, which include solid, liquid, and gas |
| Solid | the state of matter in which the volume and shape of a substance are fixed |
| Liquid | the state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape |
| Surface tension | the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and that tends to minimize the area of the surface |
| Viscosity | the resistance of a gas or liquid to flow |
| Gas | a form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape |
| Temperature | a measure of how hot (or cold) something is, specifically, a measurement of the movement of particles |
| Volume | a measure of the size of a body or region in three dimensional space |
| Pressure | the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface |
| Boyle's Law | the law that states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of a gas when temperature is constant |
| Charles's Law | the law that states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas when pressure is constant |
| Change of state | the change of a substance from one physical state to another |
| Melting | the change of state in which a solid becomes a liquid by adding energy |
| Evaporation | the change of a substance from a liquid to a gas |
| Boiling | the conversion of a liquid to a vapor when the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure |
| Condensation | the change of state from a gas to a liquid |
| Sublimation | the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas |