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Chapter 8
States of Matter
Term | Definition |
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States of matter | the physical forms of matter, which include solid, liquid, and gas |
Solid | the state of matter in which the volume and shape of a substance are fixed |
Liquid | the state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape |
Surface tension | the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and that tends to minimize the area of the surface |
Viscosity | the resistance of a gas or liquid to flow |
Gas | a form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape |
Temperature | a measure of how hot (or cold) something is, specifically, a measurement of the movement of particles |
Volume | a measure of the size of a body or region in three dimensional space |
Pressure | the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface |
Boyle's Law | the law that states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of a gas when temperature is constant |
Charles's Law | the law that states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas when pressure is constant |
Change of state | the change of a substance from one physical state to another |
Melting | the change of state in which a solid becomes a liquid by adding energy |
Evaporation | the change of a substance from a liquid to a gas |
Boiling | the conversion of a liquid to a vapor when the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure |
Condensation | the change of state from a gas to a liquid |
Sublimation | the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas |