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Extreme fear of being too heavy, dramatic weight loss, and distorted body image are a few of the characteristics of
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According to Maslow's ____ theory, humans are motivated by drives for personal growth.
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Psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Extreme fear of being too heavy, dramatic weight loss, and distorted body image are a few of the characteristics of | anorexia nervosa. |
| According to Maslow's ____ theory, humans are motivated by drives for personal growth. | humanistic |
| The tendency toward homeostasis would | lead a hungry person to eat. |
| The similarity between men's and women's sexual responses was noted by | Masters and Johnson. |
| The theory of cognitive appraisal proposes that the way we label an emotion depends largely on | our perception of the situation. |
| The first phase of the sexual response cycle is the | excitement phase. |
| ____ was responsible for devising the Hierarchy of Needs. | Abraham Maslow |
| A homeless individual motivated to seek shelter at a church to escape the rain is satisfying ____ according to Maslow's hierarchy. | both physiological and safety needs |
| The concept of ____ describes the body's tendency to maintain a steady state or to act to restore balance in response to deprivation. | homeostasis |
| The Cannon-Bard theory disagrees with the James-Lange idea that | each emotion has a unique automatic physiological response pattern. |
| An honor student who joins a scholastics club looking for friendship is mostly satisfying the ____ of Maslow's hierarchy. | love and belonging needs |
| Which of the following demonstrates the presence of a refractory period? | A man experiences an orgasm and cannot experience another for a period of time |
| The direction of one's sexual and romantic interests refers to | sexual orientation |
| According to the Cannon-Bard Theory, an event simultaneously triggers | physiological arousal and experience of an emotion |
| According to Ekman (1987), if you were visiting Malaysia, you would ____ to understand people's emotions by observing their ____ | be able; facial expressions |
| The last phase of the sexual response cycle is the | resolution phase. |
| A sick individual who goes to bed to rest is satisfying the ____ of Maslow's hierarchy. | physiological needs |
| Biological factors in hunger include | all of these. |
| ____ theories suggest that needs create a state of tension and that behavior relieves that tension and returns the organism to a calm, resting state. | Drive-reduction |
| Shauna is extremely concerned about her weight. Although she weighs less then 85% of her desirable body weight and has lost 25% of her weight within the last year, she is still convinced that she is "fat." Most likely Shauna has | anorexia nervosa. |
| Maslow argued that humans differ from other animals in that humans have a self-initiated striving for | self-actualization. |
| According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, specific patterns of arousal and action are triggered by specific stimuli. The emotions we experience are, therefore, | based on automatic physiological and behavioral responses. |
| All of the following are health problems experienced by people who are obese EXCEPT | parkinsonâs disease |
| The eating disorder characterized by binge eating and purging is | bulimia nervosa. |
| The sexual response cycle occurs in what sequence? | excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution |
| Sigmund Freud was the first to develop a ____ theory of personality. | psychoanalytic |
| Which is an illustration of the defense mechanism "repression"? | Mary witnessed the death of her child but cannot remember it. |
| Analytical psychology was developed by | Carl Jung |
| Steve has just completed taking a personality assessment in which he was shown a series of cards one at a time and asked to make up stories about them. Which of the following is he most likely to have taken? | the Thematic Apperception Test |
| Which psychic structure is motivating behavior when you are on a diet but eat a piece of chocolate cake anyway? | id |
| The Rorschach is ____ test. | a projective |
| Sherry is thinking about her trip to the store yesterday. This memory is in her ____ mind. | conscious |
| Marisa is three months old and always chews her rattle. She is in the ____ stage. | oral |
| Patty is outgoing, sociable and assertive. According to the five-factor model she demonstrates | extraversion |
| Which best illustrates the concept of the "preconscious mind"? | thoughts that are out of awareness but can be made conscious |
| Based on Freud's theory, a traumatic childhood event that was repressed is stored at the ____ level. | unconscious |
| Which best characterizes the anal stage of development? | deriving enjoyment from control of elimination of feces |
| Bob exhibits narrow mindedness, rigidity and shallowness. Based on the five-factor model, he shows a lack of | openness to experience |
| Which psychic structure is motivating behavior when you decide to stay home and study for a test, rather than go to a party you would really like to attend? | superego |
| Elementary school children who separate and tend to play in groups of their own gender are demonstrating the ____ stage of psychosexual development. | latency |
| Which person best illustrates the concept of conflict during the anal stage? | Sean is excessively neat and clean. |
| The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a(n) ____ measure. | projective |
| When Bobby spilled water on his father's computer, his father told Bobby that he still loved him. This is an illustration of | unconditional positive regard. |
| Based on the five-factor model, Michelle who exhibits carelessness, negligence and unreliability demonstrates a lack of | conscientiousness |
| Karen Horney's views differed from those of Sigmund Freud in that she believed | sexual impulses are less important than social relationships in childhood. |
| The Electra complex involves | a girl longing for her father and resenting her mother |
| Which best illustrates a child in the phallic stage of psychosexual development? | Billy acts out to get his mother's attention whenever she is alone with his father. |
| The five-factor model includes which five basic personality factors? | extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness |
| Alfred Adler believed that people are basically motivated by an ____. | inferiority complex |
| According to Jung, primitive images contained in the collective unconscious are called | archetypes |
| When you see a classmate in class or at a study session, he is always very friendly towards you. However, when you run into him at an upscale party, he acts as if he does not know you. Since you know he is a friendly person, you are most likely to attribu | situational attributions. |
| Conforming to the outright commands of another is called | obedience |
| In the elaboration likelihood model, two types of persuasive communications can be used. These are the central route and the ____ route. | peripheral |
| Lisa has been invited to a party. Immediately after receiving the invitation, she meets with a group of friends to discuss what they plan to wear to the party. Lisa then makes the decision on what she will wear. Lisa's party dressing behavior demonstrates | conformity |
| Sometimes people who observe others in need do not help them because | all of these |
| An attitude toward a group that leads people to evaluate members of that group negatively is known as | prejudice |
| The Festinger and Carlsmith study (1959) in which some people were given one dollar, and others were given twenty dollars for describing a chore as interesting when it was in fact not, was a study in ____. | cognitive dissonance |
| In collectivist cultures which stress interdependence, people are likely to attribute each other's behaviors to | social roles and obligations. |
| Which of the following utilizes the central route to attitude change? | a commercial for a lawnmower emphasizing its power and various cutting abilities |
| You are passing an accident on the road. You are more likely to get involved or at least make a call for help if | you are the first one on the scene. |
| Ihor has been in the Army for almost two years. He has gone through boot camp, learned drill, and now is able to do much automatically and without hesitation when commanded to do so. He is likely to risk his life when ordered to. This process is a good ex | the foot-in-the-door technique |
| The selfless concern for the welfare of others is known as | altruism |
| When we try to persuade others by getting them to think carefully about the evidence, we are using the ____ route to attitude change. | central |
| The tendency to attribute other people's behavior to dispositional factors and our own behavior to situational influences is known as | the actor-observer effect. |
| Diffusion of responsibility contributes to | all of these |
| Attitudes that are based on overgeneralizations that can be positive or negative are called ____. | stereotypes |
| In the Asch study, what percentage of the subjects went along with the majority's wrong answer at least once? | 75% |
| When a famous movie star endorses a cosmetic, advertisers are using a ____ to persuade customers to buy their product. | peripheral route |
| The tendency to assume that others act mainly on the basis of their dispositions (e.g., personality traits) is the | fundamental attribution error. |
| A landlord has an apartment to rent. Even though it is vacant, when two college students come to inquire the landlord informs them that the apartment has already been rented. This is because of his belief that college students throw wild parties and destr | discrimination |
| Tim feels that he has worked very hard to get his promotion. However when his last sales pitch did not end up in a sale he attributed the failure to the fact that the company he was "pitching to" was having financial difficulties. Tim's behavior is an ill | the self-serving bias |
| ____ conducted a series of experiments to find out how many people would resist immoral requests made by authority figures. | Stanley Milgram |
| Diema is standing in line in school. While he isn't looking, another boy steps on Diema's toe. Diema believes the other boy stepped on his toe because that boy is mean, stupid, and probably wanted to step on him. Diema is making a ____ attribution. | dispositional |
| When we make assumptions about why people do the things they do we are making ____. | an attribution |
| You observe two strangers in a heated argument that results in a physical fight. You will most likely assume | they are very aggressive individuals. |
| Sarah was found in New York City by her family. At first, Sarah didn't remember who she was or who they were. When they all returned to their home in Florida, Sarah couldn't remember going to New York but regained her memory of her family. Sarah demonstra | dissociative fugue |
| The current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual provides the most widely used system for ____ psychological disorders. | classifying |
| An abrupt attack of acute anxiety in which the individual may experience shortness of breath, heavy sweating and pounding of the heart that is not triggered by a specific object or situation, is known as | a panic attack. |
| Sarah is very sympathetic towards others, but has few friends because she is so afraid of rejection. She tends to stay at home, unless her family assures her that no one will criticize her. Sarah exhibits ____ personality disorder | avoidant |
| Georgina's speech is very confusing and rarely makes sense. She makes funny faces and is often heard giggling. Georgina exhibits ____ schizophrenia | disorganized |
| A young man is having trouble getting along with his roommate. Sometimes the roommate goes for days without speaking. Other days, the roommate is a nonstop talker, speaks rapidly, and is often abrasive and aggressive. The roommate is showing symptoms sugg | bipolar disorder |
| Imagery in the absence of external stimulation is the definition of ____ observed in people with schizophrenia | hallucinations |
| Kim has a poor appetite and has experienced serious weight loss. He is unable to concentrate and make decisions. He often expresses feelings of unworth and guilt for things he has not done. He says he no longer cares about life and has talked about death | Major depression |
| ____ is (are) the defining trait of paranoid personality disorder | Suspiciousness |
| Brandon sits in the same position for hours. When the staff try to move him, he stays in the position they have left him in for hours. He rarely speaks. Brandon is most likely exhibiting ____ schizophrenia | catatonic |
| Margaret worries about everything all the time. She is very restless and can't sleep at night. She is probably experiencing | generalized anxiety disorder |
| Jeffrey is a con artist who swindled his own grandmother out of her life savings. He shows no remorse and claims it was her own fault for being so gullible. Jeffrey exhibits the characteristics of ____ personality disorder | antisocial |
| Jerry is experiencing hallucinations. He hears voices telling him which people to avoid because they are out to get him. He believes that he is a wealthy heir related to the Trump family. He avoids his actual family and exhibits confusion and fear. Jerry | paranoid |
| Carl has always thought that other people's comments or actions were against him and an attempt to shame or ridicule him. He doesn't trust anyone and his suspicions have cost him his job. Carl seems to be exhibiting a ____ personality disorder | paranoid |
| Borderline personality disorder is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT | long lasting relationships |
| The following statement is likely to be made by someone exhibiting ____: "Bing bang, sun going to shine, birds like rain, have a day, anyway." | schizophrenia |
| Claustrophobia is described as a fear of | enclosed spaces. |
| ____ phobias are excessive, irrational fears of objects or situations such as snakes or heights. | Specific |
| A woman's preoccupation with the thought of her house burning down makes her become so troubled that she must begin to get ready for work an hour earlier than is necessary. She needs the extra time as she compulsively checks and rechecks all of the electr | obsessive-compulsive disorder. |
| Marsha is a firefighter who witnessed the death of a friend and coworker 6 months ago. She tried to save a child who was trapped in a burning building. Marsha is now having nightmares and keeps reliving the tragedy in her thoughts and dreams. She has been | post-traumatic stress disorder. |
| People with ____ are preoccupied with a fantasized or exaggerated physical defect in their appearance | body dysmorphic disorder |
| A doctor enters her office and greets her patient, "Good morning, Ted." The patient answers in an unfamiliar voice, "Ted has gone away." The doctor asks, "Would you like to tell me your name?" "I'm Ernie, and I don't like you!" her patient replies. This p | dissociative identity disorder. |
| Tom is a loner, who has few friends and seems incapable of sympathy or empathy. He is showing signs of ____ personality disorder. | schizoid |
| Ted, a college student, refuses to sign up for speech class because he is afraid that he will do something embarrassing in front of the class. He can't graduate until he completes the course. This behavior is most likely associated with a/n | social phobia. |
| Cory was driving the car when an accident occurred that killed his best friend who was with him. When Cory woke up the next morning, he couldn't remember where he was or what had happened the night before. He is most likely exhibiting | dissociative amnesia |
| Flooding, systematic desensitization, and modeling are behavioral methods for reducing | fear. |
| In what controversial method of biological therapy is an electrical current passed through the temples inducing a seizure? | electroconvulsive therapy |
| Ryan has ADHD. To help Ryan understand more about his ADHD and perhaps learn to control it, he is hooked up to machines that provide him feedback about his bodily functions. In this way, Ryan hopes to learn to recognize his body's signals and gain more co | Biofeedback training |
| Pairing drug-induced nausea/vomiting or electric shock with unwanted behaviors or impulses is called | aversive conditioning |
| A therapist is helping a client ascertain what rewards are maintaining the client's drinking habit so a modification plan can be devised. This is an example of ____ therapy. | behavioral |
| Lea is experiencing therapy in which she is encouraged to discuss whatever is on her mind, regardless of what she might be thinking. This therapeutic technique is called | free association |
| A client accuses his psychoanalyst of sounding just like his father. This client is exhibiting | transference |
| Albert Ellisâs therapy is called ____. | rational emotive behavior therapy |
| Modeling relies on | observational learning |
| You have consulted a therapist because of psychological difficulties. Your therapist instructs you to lie down on a couch in a slightly darkened room. The therapist encourages you to say anything that comes to mind while he says little or nothing for sess | psychoanalytic |
| The metal lithium is a psychoactive drug used to treat symptoms of | bipolar disorder. |
| A new patient tells you that she is taking antipsychotic medication. You conclude that she is most likely being treated for which of the following? | schizophrenia |
| Prefrontal lobotomy, a failed ____ procedure, involved severing the nerve connections between the prefrontal lobes and the thalamus. | psychosurgical |
| The focus of cognitive therapy is changing ____ | thoughts to change behavior |
| Freud proposed the concept of ____ to describe the spilling forth of psychic energy that had been repressed by feelings of guilt. | catharsis |
| Your client suffers from claustrophobia and can't get on the elevator at her their place of employment. The therapist helps her construct an approach hierarchy to work towards riding the elevator. The client is trained in relaxation before the approach hi | systematic desensitization |
| Albert Ellis focused on the ____ quality of his clients' beliefs | irrational |
| A client is sharing personal experiences with a facilitator and several others who have demonstrated similar problems as the client. The client is most likely participating in | group therapy |
| Freud proposed that unconscious processes could be revealed by a patient's | dreams |
| Shauna is a psychotherapist. She assumes that people don social masks and disown parts of themselves that might meet with social disapproval or rejection. She says that the goal of therapy should be to help the clients integrate the conflicting parts of t | gestalt therapy |
| Jackie's therapist wants her to adjust her appraisal of a recent event so she will be able to cope more effectively. Her therapist most likely uses the ____ approach. | cognitive |
| Instead of working on approaching a feared situation like flying, a client observes another individual getting on the plane, taking off and arriving safely at the destination. This method for overcoming fear responses is called | modeling |
| You meet with your therapist for the first time, and she tells you that she believes that we have a natural tendency toward health and growth and that we are free to make choices and control our destinies. She also tells you that therapy is intended to he | client-centered |
| In a classroom with emotionally challenged students, the teacher gives out coupons for appropriate behavior and takes away coupons for inappropriate behavior. At the end of the day, coupons can be traded for different rewards. The teacher is employing the | token economy |
| Sheryl is receiving medication for generalized anxiety, which decreases sympathetic activity to reduce her feelings of anxiety and nervousness. She is most likely taking a(n) | antianxiety drug. |
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