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The genetic material of which kind of cells is included in a single, circular molecule of DNA devoid of any histone proteins?
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Which structure is the repository of the genetic information that directs all of the activities of the cell?
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Lecture Final
Test 2, 3, 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The genetic material of which kind of cells is included in a single, circular molecule of DNA devoid of any histone proteins? | bacteria |
| Which structure is the repository of the genetic information that directs all of the activities of the cell? | nucleus |
| The first person to reportedly see living, moving cells using a microscope was | Anton van Leeuwenhoek |
| All cells have all of the following except | endoplasmic reticulum |
| If a cell did not have ribosomes, it would be unable to | form proteins |
| The endosymbiotic theory is supported by the finding of non-nuclear DNA in which of the following organelles? | mitochondria and chloroplasts |
| Which of the following statements is not part of the cell theory? | Eukaryotic cells have evolved from prokaryotic cells |
| Peroxisomes in animal cells, and glyoxosomes in plant cells are examples of | micro bodies |
| Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells. Which of the following would you not find in a prokaryotic cell? | membrane bound nucleus |
| The most important factor that limits the size of a cell is | the surface-area-to-volume ratio of the cell |
| In the liver, this type of organelle helps detoxify drugs. Therefore, this organelle increases in quantity when a person consumes alcohol on a regular basis. This organelle is also important in lipid synthesis. | smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
| Flattened sacks of membranes apparently involved in the packaging and export of molecules synthesized in the cell are known as | Golgi bodies |
| The cytoplasmic space in eukaryotic cells is occupied by many diverse membrane-bound structures with specific cellular functions. These are called | organelles |
| The organelle involved in the oxygen-requiring process by which the energy in macromolecules is stored in ATP is the | mitochondrion |
| Plants often have a large membrane-bound sac that is used for storing water and other substances. This organelle is called a | central vacuole |
| The chromosomal hereditary material is located in this organelle in eukaryotic cells. | nucleus |
| Which of the following is not present in all eukaryotic cells? | centriole |
| The nucleolus is the site of__________. | ribosome assembly |
| The cell wall of fungi contains cellulose. | false |
| Which of the following is not true concerning microtubules? | Microtubules are the powerhouses of the cell |
| Which of the following is not a function of lysosomes? | allowing bacteria to pass through the cell unaffected |
| Actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form the cell supporting structure called the__________. | cytoskeleton |
| Which of the following is not associated with animal cells? | plasmodesmata |
| The heads of the phospholipid molecules of the plasma membrane are hydrophobic. | false |
| __________is the shrinking of the cytoplasm of a plant cell when it is placed in a hypertonic solution. | plasmolysis |
| Which of the following could not pass through the plasma membrane by simple diffusion? | amino acids |
| The chief energy currency of all cells is a molecule called | ATP |
| How are active transport and coupled (secondary active) transport related? | Coupled transport uses the concentration gradient established by active transport. |
| The type of diffusion that is specific and passive, and which becomes saturated if all the protein carriers are in use is | facilitated diffusion |
| By what process does a cell take in large, particulate matter such as a bacterium? | phagocytosis |
| Low density lipoproteins (LDL) molecules bring cholesterol into the cell where it can be incorporated into membranes. What type of membrane transport is used to bring LDLs into a cell? | receptor-mediated endocytosis |
| Which of the following statements is true? | An animal cell placed in a hypertonic solution will shrink. |
| The movement of a solute from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration without the aid of a protein carrier is called | facilitated diffusion |
| Which of the following protein classes are not found as membrane proteins? | hormones |
| __________is defined as the energy of motion. | kinetic energy |
| The First Law of Thermodynamics simply states that | energy cannot be created or destroyed, just changed from one form to another. |
| The type of membrane transport that requires specific protein carrier molecules and energy to move substances against their concentration gradient is | active transport |
| Protein catalysts that speed up the various metabolic biological reactions in an organism are called | enzymes |
| The inorganic non-protein components that participate in enzyme catalysis are known as | cofactors |
| As energy is being converted through the many forms, it is continuously lost as | heat |
| Which of the following statements is not true about enzymes? | Enzymes function best at very high temperatures. |
| The chemistry of living systems representing all chemical reactions is called | metabolism |
| Life's ultimate source of energy is derived from | the sun |
| __________is a form of enzyme inhibition where the substrate and inhibitor are both able to bind to the enzyme's active site. | competitive inhibition |
| The regulation of metabolic pathways sometimes involves the end-product binding to the allosteric site of the first enzyme in the sequence. This mode of regulation is__________. | feedback inhibition |
| In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are the reactants. Glucose and oxygen are the products. What molecule is oxidized during photosynthesis? | water |
| The majority of ATP produced during aerobic respiration is made by__________. | the movement of hydrogen ions through an ATP synthase enzyme |
| The ultimate electron acceptor in aerobic respiration is: | O2 |
| What is the theoretical energy yeild for aerobic respiration in eukaryotes? | 36 ATP per glucose molecule |
| In eukaryotes, the enzymes catalyzing the reactions of glycolysis are found in the__________. In other words, in what part of the cell does glycolysis take place? | cytoplasm |
| The Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) is a cyclical metabolic pathway located in the | the matrix of the mitochondria |
| What is the role of NAD+ in the process of cellular respiration? | it functions as a coenzyme (an electron carrier). |
| Under anaerobic conditions skeletal muscle cells | produce lactic acrid |
| A process common to all living organisms, aerobic and anaerobic, is | glycolysis |
| Select the correct sequence concerning glucose catabolism. | Glycolysis --> Pyruvate --> Acetyl CoA --> Krebs Cycle --> Electron Transport Chain |
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leah_boiardi