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Motion
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| motion | the state in which one object's distance from another is changing |
| reference point | a place or object used for comparison to determine if an object is in motion |
| relative motion | whether or not a n object is in motion depends on the reference point you choose |
| meter | the basic SI unit of length (a little longer than a yard) |
| speed | the distance an object travels per unit of time |
| average speed | the overall rate of speed at which an object moves calculated by dividing the total distance by the total time |
| formula for speed | speed = distance/time |
| force | a push or a pull exerted on an object |
| newton | the SI unit for force |
| net force | the overall force on an object when all of the individual forces acting on it are added together |
| centripetal force | a force that causes an object to move in a circle |
| balanced forces | equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions |
| unbalanced forces | forces that produce a nonzero net force which causes an object's motion |
| friction | the force that one surface exerts on another when the two surfaces rub against each other |
| sliding friction | friction that occurs when one solid surface slides over another |
| rolling friction | friction that occurs wen an object rolls over a surface |
| static friction | friction that acts on objects that are not moving |
| fluid friction | friction that occurs as an object moves through a fluid |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| weight | the force of gravity on an object |
| gravity | the force that pulls objects toward each other |
| Law of Universal Gravitation | Gravity increases with mass and decreases with distance |