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a chronic metabolic condition characterized by gradual, noticeable enlargement and elongation of the bones of the face, jaw, and extremities, due to oversecretion of the pituitary gland after puberty.
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the anterior pituitary gland
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HST chapter 13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a chronic metabolic condition characterized by gradual, noticeable enlargement and elongation of the bones of the face, jaw, and extremities, due to oversecretion of the pituitary gland after puberty. | acromegaly |
| the anterior pituitary gland | adenohypophysis |
| a glandular tumor | adenoma |
| any disease of a gland | adenopathy |
| surgical removal of one or both of the adrenal glands | adrenalectomy |
| pertaining to the cortex of the adrenal glands | adrenocortical |
| a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates sodium and potassium balance in the blood | aldosterone |
| any steroid hormone that increases male characteristic for example testoerone. | androgen |
| pertaining to the suppression of urine production; an agent given to suppress the production of urine | antidiuretic |
| pertainin to the outer region of an organ or structure | cortex |
| a steroid hormone occurring naturally in the body; also called hydrocortisone | cortisol |
| a congenital condition (one that occurs at birth) caused by a lack of thyroid secretion. | cretinism |
| a condition occuring in pregnancy that is characterized by the signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus such as impaired ability to metabolize carbohydrates due to insulin deficiency, and elevated blood sugar level. | diabetes, gestational |
| a metabolic disorder characterized by extreme polydipsia (excessive thirst) and polyuria (excessive urination); a disorder of pituitary gland due to a deficiency in secretion of the antidiuretic hormone. | diabetes insipidus |
| a disorder of the pancreas in which the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas fail to produce an adequate amount of insulin, resulting in the body's inability to appropriately metabolize carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. | diabetes mellitus |
| a condition in which there is an abnormal underdevelopment of the body; usually caused by undersecretion of the pituitary gland. | dwarfism |
| a ductless gland that produces a chemical substance called a hormone, which is secreted directly into the bloodstream instead of exiting the body through ducts. | endorine gland |
| a physician who specilaizes in the medical practice of treating the diseases and disorders of th endocrine system. | endocrinologist |
| the field of medicine that deals with the study of the endocrine system and of the treatment of the diseases and disorders of the endocrine system. | endocrinology |
| a hormone produced by the adrenal medulla. this hormone plays an important role in the body's response to stress by increasing the heart rate, dilating the bronchioles, and releasing glucose into the bloodstream. | epinephrine |
| one of the female hormones that promotes the development of female secondary sex characteristics. | estrogen |
| pertaining to a normally functioning thyroid gland. | euthyroid |
| a gland that opens onto the surface of the skin through ducts in the epithelium, such as an oil gland or a sweat gland. | exocrine gland |
| an abnormal condition characterized by a marked outward protrusion of the eyeballs. | exophthalmia or exophthalmos |
| an abnormal condition characterized by excessive size and height; this condition is usually due to an oversecretion of the pituitary gland (growth hormone). | gigantism |
| a hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas that stimulates the liver to convert glycogen into glucose. | glucagon |
| the formation of glycogen from fatty acids and proteins instead of carbohydrates. | glucogenesis |
| the simplest form of sugar in the body; a simple sugar found in certain foods, especially fruits; also a major source of energy for the human body. | glucose |
| the conversion of excess glucose into glycogen for storage in the liver for later use as needed. | glycogenesis |
| the presence of sugar in the urine. | glycosuria |
| enlargement of the thyroid gland due to excessive growth (hyperplasia). | goiter |
| a term used to refer to the female sex glands, or ovaries, and the male sex glands, or testes. | gonads |
| hyperthyroidism | Graves' disease |
| a condition in which there is excessive body hair in a male distribution pattern. | hirsutism |
| elevated blood calcium level. | hypercalcemia |
| elevated blood sugar level. | hyperglycemia |
| excessive activity of the ovaries or testes. | hypergonadism |
| an excessive amount of insulin in the body. | hyperinsulinism |
| an elevated blood potassium level. | hyperkalemia |
| an elevated blood sodium level. | hypernatremia |
| hyperactivity of the four parathyroid glands resulting in an oversecretion of parathyroid hormone. | hyperparathyroidism |
| overactivity of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. | hyperpituitarism |
| overactivity of the thyroid gland; also called Graves' disease. | hyperthyroidism |
| less than normal blood calcium level. | hypocalcemia |
| less than normal blood sugar level. | hypoglycemia |
| less than normal blood potassium level. | hypokalemia |
| less than noraml blood sodium level. | hyponatremia |
| surgical removal of the pituitary gland. | hypophysectomy |
| less than normal activity of the thyroid gland. | hypothyroidism |
| a state of shock due to extremely low blood sugar level caused by an overdose of insulin, a decreased intake of food, or excessive exercise by a diabetic patient who is insulin-dependent. | insulin shock |
| acidosis (increase in the acidity of the blood) due to an accumulation of ketones in the body, resulting from faulty carbohydrate metabolism; this is primarily a complication of diabetes mellitus. | ketoacidosis |
| the internal part of a structure or organ. | medulla |
| the sum of all physical and chemical processes that take place within the body. | metabolism |
| the most severe form of hypothyroidism in the adult. | myxedema |
| a hormone produced by the adrenal medulla. this hormone plays an important role in the body's response to stress by raising the blood pressure. | norepinephrine |
| a hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. it stimulates contractions of uterus during childbirth and the release of milk in response to suckling reflex of infant. | oxytocin |
| excessive thirst. | polydipsia |
| excessive eating. | polyphagia |
| the excretion of excessively large amounts of urine. | polyuria |
| a female hormone secreted by the ovaries. this hormone is primarily responsible for the changes that occur in the endometrium in anticipation of a fertilized ovum, and for development of the maternal placenta after implantation of a fertilized ovum. | progesterone |
| a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that regulates the cellular processes necessary for normal body growth; also called the growth hormone. | somatotrophic hormone |
| a group of symptoms occurring together, indicative of a particular disease or abnormality. | syndrome |
| specialized lymphocytes that are involved in the immune response. | T cells |
| a condition characterized by severe cramping and twitching of the muscles and sharp flexion of the wirst and ankle joints; a compliation of hypocalcemia. | tetany |
| a hormone secreted by the thymus, thought to stimulate the production of T cells, which are involved in the immune response. | thymopoietin |
| a hormone secreted by the thymus. is thought to stimulate the production of specialized lymphocytes, called T cells, which are involved in the immune response. | thymosin |
| inflammation of the thyroid gland. | thyroiditis |
| a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland. helps regulate growth and development of the body, and helps control metabolism and body temperature. | thyroxine |
| the development of masculine physical traits in the female such as growth of facial and body hair, increased secretion of the sebaceous glands, deepening of the voice, and enlargement of the clitoris; also called masculinization. | virilism |
Created by:
nicole12