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chapter 1
history of pharmacy practice
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| pharmacy | the art and science of preparing and dispensing medication |
| apotheracary | Latin term for pharmacist; also used as a general term to refer to the early practice of pharmacy |
| compounding (preparing) | producing, mixing, or preparing a drug by combining two or more ingredients |
| Papyrus Ebers | collection of 800 prescriptions that specifically mentions 700 unique drugs |
| Charak Samhita | ancient Indian manuscript recording more than 2,000 drugs . Meaning "compendium of wandering physicians" |
| Terra Sigilata | sealed earth |
| Theophrastus | Father of botany |
| Hippocrates | Father of Medicine |
| Mithridates VI, King of Pontus | Known for developing poisons |
| phaarmacopoeia | complication or listing of pharmaceutical products that also contains their formulas and methods of preparation |
| prescription | order, by an authorized individual, for the preparation or dispensing of a medication |
| Elizabeth Marshall | America's first female pharmacist |
| America's First College of Pharmacy | Philadelphia College of Pharmacy |
| First Pharmacy Association | American Pharmaceutical Association |
| William Procter, Jr. | Father of American Pharmacy |
| United States Pharmacopoeia | Published in 1820, first book of drug standards to achieve acceptance by an entire nation |
| Gregor Mendel | Father of modern genetics |
| American Council on Pharmaceutical Education (ACPE) | establish standards for pharmacy education |
| Evolution of the Pharmacist's Role | Four unique eras: traditional, scientific era, Clinical Era, Pharmaceutical Era |
| Traditional Era | 1900s through 1930s. Formulating and dispensing drugs derived from natural sources. |
| Scientific Era | Beginning in the 1930s. Scientific-based approach. Development of new drugs, scientific testing of the effects of drugs on the human body, new regulations pertaining to the efficacy of medications, and the mass production of synthetic drugs and antibioti |
| Clinical Era | 1960s. Pharmacy experienced a shift in practice. Dispense not only medications, but drug information, warnings, advice, and suggestions. |
| Pharmaceutical care Era | End of 20th century. Transformed. Combination of 3 eras. Practice of pharmacy, role of the pharmacist and ensuring positive outcomes for drug-related therapies. |
| biotechnology | technique that uses living things to make or modify specific products. |
| pharmacogenomics | the study of individual genetic differences in response to drug therapy |
| What civilization provides the earliest known record of apothecary practice? | ancient Mesopotamia |
| Which individual is recognized for shifting the view of medicine from the mystic to the scientific? | Hippocrates |
| Which organization was established to autonomously set standards for pharmacy education? | ACPE |
| Who is responsible for separating the practices of pharmacy and medicine? | Fredrick II |
| The first official pharmacopoeia originated in which country? | Italy |
| Colonical Ameica's first hospital was founded by which individual? | Benjamin Franklin |
| Biotechnology drugs are produced using: | bacteria, mammalian cells, yeast |
Created by:
sarahmcgraw