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Lower gi
ch 13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How long is the average small bowel if removed and stretched | 23 foot or 7m |
| In a person with good muscle tone, the length of the entire small intestine is | 15-18 feet |
| the average length of the small intestinein descending order, starting with the widest division | duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
| What part of the small intestine is the shortest | duodenum |
| In which two abdominal quadrants would the majority of the jejunum be found | llq and luq |
| Which division of the small intestine has a feathery or coiled spring appearance during a small bowel | jejunum |
| What part of the small intestine is the longest | ileum |
| which two aspects of the large intestine are not considered part of the colon | cecum and rectum |
| The colon is divided into _ parts with _ flexures. | 4, 2 |
| 2 functions of the ileocecal valve | 1 it prevents contents of the ileum from passing too quickly. 2. it prevent5s reflux back into the ileum |
| Another term for appendix? | vermiform appendix |
| makes up 40% of the small intestine | jejunum |
| shortest aspect of small intestine | duodenum |
| aspect of small intestine that is the smallest in diameter but longest in length | ileum |
| widest portion of the large intestine | cecum |
| a blind pouch inferior to the ileocecal valve | appendix |
| found between the cecum and transverse colon | ascending colon |
| distal part, also called iliac colon | descending colon |
| longest aspect of the large intestine | transverse colon |
| lies in pelvis but possesses a wide freedom of motion | sigmoid colon |
| What is the term for the three bands of muscle that pull the large intestine into pouches | taeniae col |
| These pouches, or sacculations, seen along the large intestine wall are called | haustra |
| what is an older term for the mucosal folds found within the jejunum | plicae circulares |
| what is the portion of the small intestine is located primarily to the left of the midline | jejunum |
| which portion of the small intestine isn located primarily in the rlq | ileum |
| what part of the small intestine has the smoothest internal lining and dos not present a feathery appearance when barium filled | ileum |
| what aspect of the small intestine is most fixed in position | duodenojejunal junction |
| what quadrant does the terminal ileum connect with the large intestine | rlq |
| which muscular band marks the junction between the duodenum and jejunum | suspensory muscle of the duodenum of ligament of Treite |
| The widest portion of the large intestine | cecum |
| Which flexure of the large intestine usually extends more superiorly | left colic(splenic) |
| Inflammation of the vermiform appendix is called | appendicilus |
| What will fill with air during a double contrast barium enema with the patient supine | transverse colon and sigmoid colon |
| Which aspect of the gi tract is primarily responsible for digestion, absorption, and reabsorption | small intestine |
| Which aspect of gi tract is responsible for the synthesis and absorption of vitamins b and k and amino acids | large intestine |
| What type of movement occurs in the small intestine | peristalsis |
| Which of the following conditions pertains to a radiographic study of the small intestine | May perform as a double contrast media study, timing of the procedure is necessary, and enteroclysis procedure |
| What are two conditions that may prevent the use of barium sulfate during a small bowel series | Possible perforated hollow viscous, large bowel obstruction |
| What type of patients should be given extra care when using a water-soluble contrast medium | Young and dehydrated |
| Common birth defects found in the ileum | Meckels diverticulum |
| Common parasitic infection of the small intestine | Giardiasis |
| Obstruction of the small intestine | Ileus |
| Patient with lactose or sucrose sensitivities | Malabsorption syndrome |
| New growth | Neoplasm |
| A form of sprue | Celiac disease |
| Inflammation of the intestine | Enteritis |
| Form of inflammatory disease of the G.I. tract | Regional enteritis |
| Circular staircase or herring bone sign | Ileus |
| Cobblestone appearance | Regional enteritis |
| Apple core sign | AdenocArcinoma |
| Dilation of the intestine with thickening of circular folds | Giardiasis |
| Large diverticulum of the ileum | Meckels diverticulum |
| Beak sign | Volvulus |
| Giardiasis is a condition acquired through | Contaminated food contaminated water person-to-person contact |
| Mikels diverticulum is best diagnosed with which imaging modality | Nuc med |
| Whipple's disease is a rare disorder of the | Proximal small intestine |
| How much barium sulfate is generally given to an adult patient for a small Bal only series | 2 cups or 16 oz |
| When is a small bowel series deemed complete | When the contrast medium passes through the ileocecal valve |
| How long does it usually take to complete an adult small bowel series | 2 hours |
| When is the first radiograph generally taken during a small bowel series | 15 to 30 min after ingesting contrast |
| True or false fluoroscopy is sometimes used during a small bowel series to visualize the ileocecal valve | True |
| The term enteroclysis describes what type of small bowel study | Double contrast |
| What to types of contrast media are used for an enteroclysis | High density barium sulfate and air or methylcellulose |
| Which two pathological conditions are best evaluated through and enteroclysis procedure | Regional enteritis also known as Crohn's disease and Malabsorption syndrome |
| True or false it takes approximately 12 hours for bury himself it in a healthy adult given Orally to reach the rectum | False |
| The tip of the catheter is advanced to the- during an enteroclysis | Duodenojejunal flexure |
| What is the purpose of introducing methylcellulose during enteroclysis | It dilates the intestinal lumen |
| A procedure to alleviate post operative distention of a small intestine obstruction is called | Therapeutic intubation |
| What position is recommended for a small bell radiograph | Prone to separate loops of intestine |
| A twisting of a portion of the intestine on it's own mesentary | Volvulus |
| Outpouching of the mucosal wall | Diverticulum |
| Inflammatory condition of the large intestine | Colitis |
| Severe form of colitis | Ulcerative colitis |
| Telescoping of one part of the intestine into another | Intususseception |
| And or growth extending from the lumen of the intestinal wall | Polyp |
| What type of patient usually experiences intussusception | Infants |
| A condition of numerous herniations of the mucosa wall of the large intestine is called | Diverticulosis |
| Tapered or corkscrew radiographic sign during a barium enema | Volvulus |
| Capbblestobe radiographic sign | Ulcerative colitis |
| What is the most common form of carcinoma found in the large intestine | Annular carcinoma |
| True or false intestinal polyps and diverticula are very similar in structure | False |
| Volvulus occurs more frequently in males than females | True |
| The barium enema is a commonly recommended procedure for diagnosing possible acute appendicitis | False |
| True or false any store retained in the large intestine they require postponement of a barium enema study | Truer |
| Which for conditions would prevent the use of a laxative Cathartic before a barium enema procedure | Gross bleeding, severe diarrhea, obstruction, inflammatory lesion |
| Three types of enema tips commonly used | Plastic disposable, rectal retention, Air contrast retention |
| True or false synthetic latex enema tips or gloves and do not cause problems for late text sensitive patients | True |
| What water temperature is recommended for the barium enema mixtures | Room temp 85-90 |
| To minimize spasms during a barium enema - can be added to the contrast media mixture | Lidocaine |
| What is the name of the patient physician recommended for insertion of the rectal and I'm a tip | Sims position |
| The initial insertion of the rec to animate it should be pointed toward the | Umbilicus |
| Which of the following procedures is most effective to demonstrate small polyps in the colon | Double contrast barium enema |
| Which aspect of the large intestine must be demonstrated during evacuate proctography | Anorectal angle |
| Which one of the following clinical conditions is best demonstrated with evacuate proctography | Rectal prolapse |
| Which one of the following procedures uses the thickest mixture of barium sulfate | Evaluative proctogram |
| Into which position is the patient placed for imaging during the evacuate of proctorgram | Lateral |
| True or false a special tapered enema tip is inserted into the stoma before a colonostomy b e | True |
| T or f. The enema bag should not be more than 36 inches above the table top before the beginning of the procedure | False |
| True or false. Both computed tomography and sonography may be performed to aid in diagnosing appendicitis | True |
| Which one of these statements is true in regard to CT enteroclysis | 0.1% barium sulfate suspension is often instilled before the procedure |
| Another term for CTC is | Virtual colonoscopy |
| True or false a cleansing bowel prep is not required for ctc | False |
| Why is oral contrast media sometimes given during a CTC | To Mark or tag fecal matter |
| What is the chief disadvantage of a CTC | Cannot remove polyps discovered during CTC |
| True or false single contrast barium enemas are performed commonly on patients with a clinical history of diverticulosis | F |
| Which of the following projections is recommended to be taking it during a small bowel series | Prone pa |
| Due to fester transit time of barium from the stomach to the ileocecal valve and pediatric patients, how frequently should images be taken during a small bowel series to avoid missing critical anatomy and possible pathology | Every 20 to 30 minutes |
| True or false if a retention type in amative is used it should be removed after fluoroscopy is completed in before overhead projection or taken to better visualize the rectal region | F |
| --- position is a recommended alternative for the lateral wrecked and projection during a double contrast be procedure | Ventral decubitus |
| KV for a small bowel series single contrast | 100 to 125 |
| Where is the cr centered for the 15 minute radiograph during a small bowel series | 2 inches above iliac crest |
| What are the breeding instructions for a projection taken during a small bowel series | Take shot on expiration |
| Generally a small bowel series is completed once the contrast media reaches the | Ileocecal valve or large intestine |
| Which projection taking it during a barium enema is best demonstrates the right Colic flexure | Rao or lpo |
| How much body rotation is required for oblique barium enema projections | 35 to 45 |
| Which position should be performed if the patient cannot lie prone on the table to visualize the lift call it flexor | Rpo |
| Where is the CR centered for a lateral projection of the rectum | Level of AsiS at mid coronal plane |
| Which projection during a double contrast barium enema series best demonstrate the descending colon for a possible polyps | R lat decub (left side up) |
| Which aspect of the large intestine is best demonstrated with an AP axial projection | Rectosigmoid region |
| What is the advantage of performing in AP axial oblique projection rather than an AP axial | It creates less super imposition of the rectosigmoid segment |
| Another term describing the AP and PA axial r projections | Butterfly |
| Which position is recommended for the post evacuation projection taken following a be | Pa prone |
| What KV range is recommended for a post evacuation projection following a be | 90 to 100 |
| What medication can be given during a barium enema to minimize colonic spasm during a barium enema | Glucagon |
Created by:
kyliescooper