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Ceramics PTHS

Ceramic terminology

TermDefinition
Ceramics is the art of making objects with clay to produce pottery and sculpture.
Coil A long snake-like or rope-like piece of clay.
Knead is to work clay into a uniform mass with your hands. This is done to remove air pockets/remove moisture from the clay.
Kiln Furnace for firing clay.
Fettling Knife a knife used to cut clay.
Needle Tool tool used to score work in preparation for attachment.
Ribbon Tool Used to trim/carve areas out. Can dig out a solid form.
Leather-Hard Clay clay that has dried to the limit of its shrinkage but still has enough moisture to retain its original wet color. Decoration can be applied at this stage and work will not become misshapen.
Bone Dry Clay A condition of clay when the clay is very dry and brittle. All water/moisture has left the clay and no attachment can be done to repair work.
Greenware clay The workable stage of clay. Sometimes can be referred to as the “wet stage”. This occurs before the first fire.
Piercing A decorative technique in which areas of the clay are cut out leaving a design in the clay body.
Impressing A decorative technique in which hard objects are pressed into the surface of soft clay.
Incising Cutting, engraving, or carving into the clay body.
What tool is used for incising? Traditional Pencil is best because the width of the tip of the pencil is wider than knife or needle tool.
Leather-Hard In this stage decoration should occur.
What attachment method should be used if clay has dried to leather-hard? Standard blending or applique by scoring and slipping? Applique by scoring and slipping
Applique A form of decoration in which pieces of clay are fastened to the surface of a clay vessel by scoring & slipping
Score To cut, scratch, or roughen up the surface of the clay usually in preparation for joining two pieces of clay using slip.
Plasticity The ability for clay to stretch. If the clay becomes dried out, then it will begin cracking.
What are the three uses of Slip? 1. Attachment by Scoring and Slipping 2. Molds 3. Colored Slip Decoration
Blowout/Explosion An explosion that occurs in the kiln when too much moisture, uneven moisture, or air has been trapped in the clay during firing.
Bisqueware ceramic work that has been fired once in preparation for glazing. This occurs at Cone 05, 1891 degrees fahrenheit. Glazing or acrylic painting is the subsequent phase.
Glazeware The is the second fire, and the work becomes glass and is waterproof. This is completed after the bisque firing.
Sgraffito A method of decorating in which a design in created by incising or cutting lines through one layer of colored slip before firing.
Mishima A method of decorating ceramics originating in Korea. Depressions are made in the clay by stamping or incising into plastic clay and filled with an engobe of contrasting colored slip.
Texture The element of art that refers to how things feel, or look as they might feel if touched. Rough or smooth. Matte or shiny.
Functional Pottery Pottery made for a purpose. Ie. To hold something, water, candy, coins, etc.
Non-Functional Pottery Pottery made for Artistic Purposes.
When were ceramic animal and human figurines first made? 24000 BC
When was functional pottery first used? 9000-10000 BC
Where was glass first created? Egypt
When in Egypt was glass first created? 8000 BC
Robert Arneson Ceramics Professor and Sculptor from California who helped to start the "Funk Art " movement. Appeared in many of his own pieces through self-portraits.
Created by: nvogt90
 

 



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