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Ch.12 Self Test
Radiologic Positioning and Related Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The gallbladder is located in the __________ margin of the liver. | Posterior Margin |
| Which one of the following is not a recognized lobe of the liver? | Inferior |
| In which quadrant is the liver located in the sthenic patient? | Right upper quadrant |
| What is the name of the soft tissue structure that divides the liver into left and right lobes? | Falciform Ligament |
| What is a primary function of bile? | To break down or emulsify fat |
| Which duct is formed by the union of the left and right haptic ducts | Common Hepatic Duct |
| Which duct carries bile from the cystic duct to the duodenum | Common Bile Duct (CBD) |
| What is the average capacity of the gallbladder | 30 to 40 mL |
| Which process leads to concentration of bile within the gallbladder? | Hydrolysis |
| Which hormone leads to contraction of the gallbladder to release bile | Cholecystokinin (CCK). |
| Series of mucosal folds in cystic duct | Spiral valve |
| A protrusion inro the duodenum | Duodenal Papilla |
| Middle aspect of gallbladder | Body |
| Duct connected directly to gallbladder | Cystic duct |
| Narrowest portion of gallbladder | Neck |
| Broadest portion of gallbladder | Fundus |
| Enlarged chamber in distal aspect of common bile duct | Hepetopancreatic ampulla |
| Duct of Wirsung | Pancreatic duct |
| Circular muscle fibers adjacent to duodenal papilla | Hepatopancreatic Sphincter |
| Which of the following terms describe the condition of having gallstones | Cholelithiasis |
| Which of the following is not a function of the gastrointestinal system? | Production of hormones |
| What is another term for an esophagram? | Barium swallow. |
| Which of the following is not a salivary gland? | Vallecula |
| What is the name of the condition that results from a viral infection of the parotid gland? | Mumps |
| Which structure in the pharynx prevent aspiration of food and fluid into the Larynx | Epiglottis |
| The esophagus extends from C5 - C6 to | T11 |
| Which one of the following structures does not pass through the diaphragm? | Trachea |
| Wavelike involuntary contractions that help propel food down the esophagus are called? | Peristalsis |
| The Greek term Gaster, or Gastro means? | Stomach |
| Which one of the following aspects of the stomach is defined as an indention between the body and pylorus? | Angular notch (incisura angularis) |
| True or false, the numerous mucosal folds found in the small bowel are called rugae? | False, in the stomach. |
| Which aspect of the stomach fills with air when the patient is prone? | Fundus |
| Which aspect of the stomach does barium gravitate to when the patient is in the supine position? | Fundus |
| True or false the lateral margin of the stomach is called the lesser curvature. | False, the greater curvature. |
| Which two structures create the "romance of the duodenum" | Head of pancreas and c-loop of duodenum |
| Middle aspect of the stomach | Body |
| Horizontal portion of duodenum | Third portion of duodenum |
| Rugae | Mucosal folds |
| Opening between esophagus and stomach | Esophagogastric junction |
| Opening leaving the stomach | Pyloric orifice |
| Found along superior aspect of fundus | Cardiac Notch |
| Indentation found along lesser curvature | Angular Notch |
| Ascending portion of duodenum | Fourth portion of duodenum |
| Most posterior aspects of stomach | Fundus |
| Act of chewing is termed | Mastification |
| Which term describes food once it enters the stomach and is mixed with gastric fluid? | Chyme |
| The churning or mixing activity of chyme in the small intestine is called ________ | Rhythmic Segmentation |
| Which one of the following nutrients is not digested? | Vitamins |
| A high and transverse stomach indicates a _________ body type with the pyloric portion at the vertebral level of _______ | Hypersthenic, T11-12 |
| Protective aprons of lead equivalency must be worn during fluoroscopy? | .50 mm Pb/Eq |
| Which one of the following is the older term for GERD? | Esophageal Relfux |
| A large outpouching of the upper esophagus is termed? | Zenker's diverticulum |
| A phytobezoar is? | Trapped vegetable fiber in the stomach |
| What can be added to barium sulfate and swallowed to detect a radiolucent foreign body lodged in the esophagus? | Shredded cotton or marshallows |
| How much rotation of the body should be used for an RAO esophagogram projection? | 35 - 40 * |
| Why is a RAO position preferred rather than an LAO during an esophagogram? | The RAO places the esophagus between the heart and vertebra better than LAO. |
| What is the most common radiopaque contrast media used in the gastrointestinal system? | Barium Sulfate |
| True or False, Water-soluble contrast agents pass through the gastrointestinal tract faster than barium sulfate. | True |
| True or False, Digital fluoroscopy does not require the use of image receptor cassettes. | True |
| Which of the cardinal principles of radiation protection is most effective in reducing exposure to the technologist during fluoroscopy? | Distance |
| Which one of the following conditions may prevent the use of water-soluble contrast agents for a geriatric patient? | Dehydration |
| What is the ratio of barium to water for a thick mixture of barium sulfate? What is the ratio for a thin barium mixture? | 3 or 4 parts barium to one. one part barium to one part water. |
| Why is the AP projection of the esophagus not a preferred projection for the esophagogram series? | Majority of the esophagus is superimposed over the spine and thus is not well visualized. |
| What is the reason that the patient may be asked to swallow a mouthful of water drawn through a straw during an esophagogram? | To detect signs of esophageal reflux (GERD) |
| What crition is used with ultrasound in determining whether a patient has HPS? | Antral muscle thickness exceeding 4 mm |
| A _______ or ________ type of body habitus usually has a low and vertical stomach with the pyloric portion of the stomach at the vertebral level of _________ | Hyposthenic or Asthenic; L3-L4 |
| What type of radiolucent contrast medium is most commonly used for double-contrast gastrointestinal studies? | Carbon dioxide (calcium or magnesium citrate) |
| When should a water-soluble contrast medium be used during an upper GI rather than barium sulfate? | When there is a possibility that the contrast media may spill into the peritoneum. (presurgery or a perforated bowel). |
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