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Sociology Exam 6-10
Chapters 6-10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| From the functionalist perspective, the media can be dysfunctional in what way? | They desensitize us to events |
| Sociologist Robert Park studied how newspapers helped immigrants to the United States adjust to their environment by changing their customary habits and by teaching them the opinions held by people in their new home country. His study was conducted from w | The functionalist perspective |
| There are problems inherent in the socialization function of the mass media. For example, many people worry about | both a and b |
| Media advertising has several clear functions, but it also has dysfunctions. Sociologists are concerned that | all of the above |
| Gatekeeping, the process by which a relatively small number of people control what material reaches an audience, is largely dominant in all but which of the following media? | the internet |
| Which sociological perspective is especially concerned with the media's ability to decide what gets transmitted through gatekeeping? | the conflict perspective |
| Which of the following is now a problem feminist theorists see with media coverage? | The increasing frequency of single moms in the media is providing a negative role model for women |
| Which of the following is not true concerning how men and women use the internet? | Men account for 100 percent of players in online sports fantasy leagues |
| Sociologist Paul Lazarsfeld and his colleagues pioneered the study of | opinion leaders |
| In his study of how the social composition of audience members affected how they interpreted the news coverage of riots in Los Angeles in 1992, sociologist Darnell Hunt found what kind of differences in perception? | racial |
| Which of the following describes a condition in which members of a society have different amounts of wealth, prestige, or power? | social inequality |
| In Karl Marx's view, the destruction of the capitalist system will occur only if the working class first develops | class consciousness |
| Which of the following were viewed by Max Weber as analytically distinct components of stratification? | class, status, and power |
| Which sociological perspective agues that stratification is universal and that social inequality is necessary so that people will be motivated to fill socially important positions? | the functionalist perspective |
| British sociologist Ralf Dahrendorf views social classes as groups of people who share common interests resulting from their authority relationships. Dahrendorf's ideology aligns best with which theoretical perspective? | the conflict perspective |
| The respect or admiration that an occupation holds in a society is referred to as | prestige |
| Approximately how many out of every nine people in the United States live(s) below the poverty line established by the federal governments? | one |
| Which sociologist has applied functionalist analysis to the existence of poverty and argues that various segments of society actually benefit from the existence of the poor? | Herbert Gans |
| A measure of social class that is based on income, education, and occupation is known as | the objective method |
| The poor, minorities, and those who live in rural communities and inner cities are not as likely to have access to the internet as other members of the US. The situation is called | the digital divide |
| A plumber whose father was a physician is an example of | downward intergeneration mobility |
| The maintenance of political, social, and economic, and cultural domination over a people by a foreign power for an extended period is referred to as | colonialism |
| In viewing the global economic system as divided between nations that control wealth and those that are controlled and exploited, sociologist Immanuel Wallerstein draws on the | conflict perspective |
| Which of the following nations would Immanuel Wallerstein classify as a core country within the world economic system? | Germany |
| Which sociological perspective argues that multinational corporations can actually help the developing nations of the world? | the functionalist perspective |
| Which of the following terms is used by contemporary social scientists to describe the far-reaching process by which peripheral nations move from traditional or less developed institutions to those characteristic of more developed societies? | modernization |
| In at least 22 nations around the world, the most affluent 10 percent receives at least what percentage of all income? | 40 percent |
| Karuna Chanana Ahmed, an anthropologist from India who has studied developing nations, calls which group the most exploited of oppressed people? | women |
| Which of the following terms is used to refer to Mexico's large, impoverished majority, most of whom have brown skin and a mixed racial lineage due to intermarriage? | mestizo |
| In Mexico, women now constitute what percentage of the labor force? | 48 percent |
| Which of the following terms refers to the foreign-owned factories established just across the border in Mexico, where the companies that own them don't have to pay taxes or provide insurance or benefits for their workers? | maquiladoras |
| Sociologists have identified five basic properties of a minority group. Which of the following is not one of those properties? | cultural bias |
| The largest racial minority group in the United States is | african americans |
| Racism is a form of which of the following? | prejudice |
| Suppose that a white employer refuses to hire a qualified vietnamese american but hires an inferior white applicant. This decision is an act of | discrimination |
| Suppose that a workplace requires that only English be spoken, even when it is not a business necessity to restrict the use of other languages. This requirement would be an example of | institutional discrimination |
| Working together as computer programmers for an electronics firm, a hispanic women and a jewish man overcome their initial prejudices and come to appreciate each other's strengths and talents. This scenario is an example of | the contract hypothesis |
| Intermarriage over several generations, resulting in various groups combining to form a new group, would be an example of | amalgamation |
| Alphonso D'Abruzzo changed his name to Alan Alda. His action is an example of | assimilation |
| In which of the following racial or ethnic groups has one teenager in every six attempted suicide? | native americans |
| Advocates of Marxist class theory argue that the basis for racial subordination in the united stated lies within the capitalist economic system. Another representation of this point of view is reflected in which of the following theories? | exploitation |
| Society brings about acceptance of basic norms through techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior. This process is termed | social control |
| Which sociological perspective argues that people must respect social norms if any group or society is to survive? | the functionalist perspective |
| Stanley Milgram used the word conformity to mean | going along with peers |
| Which sociological theory suggests that our connection to members of society leads us to conform systematically to society's norms? | control theory |
| Which of the following statements is true of deviance? | deviance is behavior that violates the standards conduct or expectations of a group or society |
| Which sociologist illustrated the boundary-maintenance function of deviance in his study of Puritans in 17th century New England? | Kai Erikson |
| Which of the following is not one of the basic forms of adaptation specified in Robert Merton's anomie theory of deviance? | hostility |
| Which sociologist first advanced the idea that an individual undergoes the same basic socialization process whether learning conforming or deviant acts? | Edwin Sutherland |
| Which of the following theories contends that criminal victimization increase when communal relationships and social institutions break down? | social disorganization theory |
| Which of the following conducted observation research on two groups of high school males and concluded that social class played an important role in the varying fortunes of the two groups? | William Chambliss |
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dajankk