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Physics Unit 3

Momentum & Energy

TermDefinition
momentum the product of the mass of an object & its velocity
impulse the product of the force acting on an object & the time during which it acts
impulse-momentum relationship impulse is equal to the change in the momentum of the object that the impulse acts upon
Law of Conservation of Momentum in the absence of an external force, the momentum of a system remains unchanged; the momentum before an event is equal to the momentum after an event
elastic collision a collision in which objects rebound without lasting deformation or the generation of heat
inelastic collision a collision in which objects become distorted, generate heat, & possibly stick together
work the product of the force & the distance moved by the force; the component of force in the direction of motion times the distance moved
power the rate at which energy is expended; work done over the time interval
energy the property of a system that enables it to do work
mechanical energy energy due to the POSITION of something or the MOVEMENT of something
potential energy energy that something possesses because of its POSITION
kinetic energy energy that something possesses because of its MOTION
work-energy theorem the work done on an object equals the change in the kinetic energy of the object
Law of Conservation of Energy energy cannot be created or destroyed; it may be transformed from one form into another, but the total amount of energy never changes
machine a device, such as a lever or pulley, that increases/decreases a force or simply changes the direction of a force
Conservation of Energy the work output of any machine cannot exceed the work input
lever a simple machine consisting of a rigid rod pivoted at a fixed point called the fulcrum
efficiency the % of the work put into a machine that is converted into useful work output; useful energy output divided by total energy input
Created by: 1242798488
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