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CHEM 110

Block 3 Kinetics Definitions

QuestionAnswer
Oscillating reaction Product appears as a series of bursts and concentrations of intermediates rise and fall periodically with time
Explosions occur because Concentration of intermediates increases rapidly as reaction proceeds.
Competing/parallel reactions Lead to different products from the same reactants
Michalis and Menten Mechanism A substrate (reactant) and enzyme react reversibly to form a short-lived enzyme-substrate complex; in the slow step this complex then breaks down to form the product plus enzyme again.
Catalysts Substance that speeds up a reaction without istelf being consumed in the overall process
Homogenous Catalyst Catalyst which works in the same phase as the reaction itself
Heterogenous Catalyst Catalyst which operates in a different phase to the reaction
Rate determining step slowest step in a reaction mechanism
Reactive Intermediates shortlived relative species that appear in one step and react in a later step in the reaction mechanism
Reaction Mechanism Sequence of elementary reactions leading to overall reaction
Transition state (in elementary reaction) is the point of highest energy between reactants and products
Elementary reaction Step where molecules collide. Order of elementary reaction is given by the stoichiometery of the reaction.
Collision Theory Assumes molecules react by breaking and making bonds. Reacting molecules must meet of collide with sufficient energy and in correct orientation
Half-life Time for the concentration of reactant to fall to 1/2 its initial value.
Rate law Relationship between rate and concentration. Proportional in 1st order and proportional to the square in second order.
Rate Change in concentration per unit time
Created by: cvan100
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