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communication theory
notes 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The invisible "bubble" that surrounds individuals and is used to define one's preferred distance from others is known as | personal space |
| Which of the personal space zones is described as typically being reserved for family and close friends? | personal |
| ______ refer(s) to the positive or negative characteristics that an individual brings to an interaction. | Communicator reward valence |
| all of the following are assumptions of Expectancy Violations Theory identified by the authors | A) Expectancies for human behavior are learned. C) Expectancies drive human interaction. D) People make predictions about nonverbal behavior. |
| Holly finds herself moving back when communicating with her friend Lui, who is from Saudi Arabia, because he seems to insist on standing within 18 inches of her when talking. Which type of arousal is Holly experiencing? | physical |
| The consequences that result from deviations from expected behaviors are known as | arousal |
| Which approach to knowing characterizes the research undertaken using EVT? | positivistic/empirical |
| Which communication tradition is most closely associated with Expectancy Violations Theory? | socio-psychological |
| Expectancy violations are always evaluated negatively. | False |
| If we like a person, it is likely that we will positively evaluate most violations of expectancies. | True |
| To which communication tradition is Uncertainty Reduction Theory related? | Socio-psychological |
| URT predicts that high levels of uncertainty produce | high levels of reciprocity |
| Uncertainty Reduction Theory poses ________, or truisms drawn from past research and common sense, to explain the process of reducing uncertainty in initial interactions. | axioms |
| Uncertainty Reduction Theory is considered by many to be a "good" theory because of its ability to generate new research. This refers to the criterion known as | heurism |
| When she Googles Lisa to find out if what Lisa has disclosed about herself matches information on the online public record, she is reducing uncertainty by using what kind of strategy? | extractive |
| _________ uncertainty deals with the ambiguity associated with beliefs and attitudes that we and others hold. | Cognitive |
| while they enjoy the stability that certainty brings to a relationship, they sometimes wish there was more uncertainty to keep things fresh. What phenomenon are Erick and Ellen experiencing? | dialectical tension |
| While URT has enjoyed relevance to initial interaction and developed relationships, it has no applicability to other contexts, such as mass communication. | False |
| New research, which expanded the theory, found an inverse relationship between uncertainty and interaction with social networks. | True |
| The entry phase of interpersonal communication is guided by the implicit and explicit rules and norms that we have for conversations. | True |
| Relationships in which costs exceed rewards are perceived as having | negative worth |
| Sabatelli and Shehan use the metaphor of a(n) _________ to describe the social exchange that takes place in relationships. | marketplace |
| Which of the following assumptions emphasizes the importance of considering the role of diversity in relationships? | The standards that humans use to evaluate costs and rewards vary over time and from person to person. |
| The "Prisoner's Dilemma" is a simulation game that was created to illustrate | that social exchange is a function of interdependence |
| When you think about your own satisfaction with your current relationship in terms of how much happier you think you could be if you were dating your previous relational partner, you are considering your | comparison level for alternatives |
| The CL predicts the _____ of a relationship, while CLalt predicts the _____. | satisfaction; stability |
| Which approach to knowing characterizes the research conducted using Social Exchange Theory (SET)? A) | positivistic/empirical |
| Your ability to influence your relational partner's actions, such as when you convince her or him to spend time alone with you rather than go out with friends, is called | behavior control |
| If the CLalt is greater than the CL, which is greater than the outcome, the relationship will be viewed as being unsatisfying and unstable. | True |
| SET would say that a relationship in which the partners have no power over each other will be the most satisfying and least costly. | False |
| Which assumption about relational dialectics proposes that relationships typically swing back and forth between conflicting desires held by one or both partners? | Contradiction is the fundamental fact of relational life. |
| ________ refers to the changing nature of relationships over time. | Motion |
| The authors point out that the choices we make in relationships are often influenced by | A) previous choices B) choices of others C) cultural and social conditions |
| Kip wants to become closer to Theresa by sharing some very personal information, but he is also nervous about revealing too much, Which dialectical tension was Kip experiencing? | openness and protection |
| Yvonne complains to Cedric that the spark has gone out of their relationship. Which dialectical tension is present in Yvonne and Cedric's relationship? | novelty and predictability |
| Three forms of integration as a strategy for managing tensions are | reframing, neutralizing, disqualifying |
| All of the following are factors that influence the choice of strategies or techniques to be used in managing tensions | A) Techniques are affected by time. C) Techniques are improvisational. D) Techniques are possibly complicated by unintended consequences. |
| with which communication tradition is RDT most closely associated | socio-cultural |
| Which approach to knowing is most closely associated with RDT? | interpretive |
| Baxter and Montgomery predict that we can have fewer ongoing tensions in our relationships if we increase the amount of self-disclosure | False |
| The narrative paradigm argues that the criteria used to evaluate stories are | coherence and fidelity |
| After listening to his daughter's story about an event that happened at school, Alberto says, "I believe the story because a similar thing happened to me when I was in sixth grade." Alberto is judging his daughter's story on the basis of | fidelity |
| Which approach to knowing characterizes the research under taken using the narrative paradigm? | interpretive |
| Fisher argues that | all communication is narrative |
| ________ is a broader concept than _________. | Paradigm; theory |
| When you are skeptical about your classmate's account of what happened at last night's party because it is inconsistent with what your roommate told you happened, you are doubting the ____________ of your classmate's story. | material coherence |
| the significant change in thinking from viewing persuasion as resulting from well-reasoned arguments to acknowledging that humans are often more persuaded by a good story, has been called a | paradigm shift |
| What communication context is most associated with the Narrative Paradigm? | public/rhetorical |
| The narrative paradigm suggests that all stories are equally effective. A) True B) | False |
| Fisher argues that there is no way of knowing what individuals consider when judging whether to believe a particular story because individuals differ too greatly in their life experiences, perceptions, biases, etc. | False |
Created by:
agrimes0831