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Earth Science Ch. 2
High School Earth Science.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When Geologists say that a mineral always contains certain elements in the definite proportions, they mean that the mineral... | has a definite chemical compostion |
| A mineral must be inorganic, which means that it contains... | no materials that were once part of living things. |
| Coal is NOT classified as a mineral because... | it comes from the remains of plants and animals. |
| The repeating pattern of a mineral's particles forms a solid called a (an).... | Crystal |
| What is the hardest known mineral? | Diamond |
| The color of a mineral's powder is called its.... | Streak |
| Most minerals do NOT split apart evenly, Instead, they have a characteristic type of .... | Fracture |
| What type of crystal structure does halite have? | cubic |
| The term used to describe how a mineral reflects light from its surface is ... | luster |
| Minerals can form deep inside the Earth's crust by.. | crystallization of melted materials |
| A narrow channel or slab of a mineral that is different from the surrounding rock is called a .... | vein |
| Minerals may form on Earth's surface when... | solutions evaporate |
| What do metal tools and machinery, the metal filament in a light bulb, and steel grinders | They began as minerals inside Earths's Crust |
| A rock that contains a metal or other economically useful mineral is called a (n) .. | ore |
| Which term refers to anyone who searches for an ore deposit? | Prospector |
| A rare, colorful mineral with a brilliant luster and a hardness of 8 or 9 on the Mohs hardness scale would probably be used as a (n).. | gemstone |
| After miners remove ore from a mine, what process removes the metal from the ore? | smelting |
| Metals are useful for tools because they... | are hard, yet can be easily shaped |
| Although cement, brick, steel, and glass all come from substances found in Earth's crust, they are NOT classified as minerals because... | they are not naturally occurring |
| Elevation, relief, and landforms are are factors that determine an area's ... | topography |
| What term describes the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area? | relief |
| The point on Earth's surface having zero degrees latitude and zero degrees longitude would be located ... | where the equator crosses the prime meridian |
| The distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian is called? | Longitude |
| New Orleans, Louisiana and Cairo, Egypt, are nearly the same distance north of the equator. This means that the two cities have almost the same .... | Latitude |
| A topographic map differs from a road map in that the topographic map shows ... | elevation, relief, and slope |
| Elevation, relief , and slope on a topographic map are shown using symbols called... | contour lines |
| V-shaped contour lines pointing uphill indicate a ... | valley |
| The contour lines that represent the top of a hill form... | a closed loop |
| A contour line that forms a closed loop and has small dashes pointing to the inside of the loop represents... | a depression in the ground |
| If you broke a mineral into tiny pieces, each piece would.. | still show the same crystal shape |
| Magma that cools very slowly deep beneath the surface forms minerals with what type of crystals? | Large |
| Earth moving equipment scrapes away soil to expose ore in the process of .. | strip mining |
| Miners use earth moving equipment to dig a huge hole in the process of .. | open pit mining |
| Which type of mine often has a network of tunnels that extend deep into the ground, following the veins of ore? | Shaft Mine |
| To restore land damaged by strip mining, mine operators... | grade the surface and replace the soil |
| A solid mixture of two or more metals is called a (an) .. | alloy |
| Steelmakers add other elements to iron to make ... | alloys with special properties |
| Halite is a mineral formed by... | Evaporation |
| What kind of slope do closely spaced contour lines indicate? | Gentle |
| It would be easy to walk up a slope represented by contour lines that .... | are far apart |
| Topographic maps are usually large-scaled maps that show.. | a close up view of part of Earth's surface |
| A landform that has high elevation and a more or less level surface is a ... | plateau |
| In the Mohs Hardness Scale of 1-10, which is the hardest? | 10 would be the hardest. |
| Minerals with the largest numbers will scratch the minerals with lower numbers. T or F | True |
| How do minerals form underwater? | Ocean water seeps through cracks in the crust and becomes heated by magma. The heated water dissolves minerals from the crust, and billows out of chimneys. When the water is cooled by contact with the cold sea, minerals crystallize. |
| Where are the two places in which newly formed minerals built up when minerals form under water? | On the ocean floor around the chimney and in the veins under the ocean crust. |
| How do minerals form when magma is trapped beneath the surface? | Hot liquid magma becomes trapped below the surface and slowly cools, forming mineral crystals |
| How do minerals form when lava erupts ? | Hot liquid lave erupts on the surface and cools, forming mineral crystals. |
| How are large crystals formed? | Slowly cooling |
| How are small crystals formed? | Quickly cooling |
| What are three properties in which gemstones are valued? | Color, Luster, and Hardness |
| What are two ways gemstones used for in Industry? | Mechanical parts and Abrasives for grinding and polishing. |
| What is an advantage to using color to identify a mineral? | Color is easily observed |
| What is a disadvantage to using color to identify a mineral? | Many minerals occur in a variety of colors and not very many can be identified by color alone. |
Created by:
cromine