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Chem Review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the Periodic Table of Elements? | a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements, ordered by their atomic number (number of protons), electron configurations, and recurring chemical properties. |
The atoms of an element that have different numbers of neutrons they are called | Isotopes |
The Atomic Number of an element refers to | The Number of Protons |
The Atomic Mass of an element refers to | The number of Protons AND Neutrons |
The substance dissolved INTO a solvent | Solute |
The substance that in which the solute is dissolved | Solvent |
When 2 atoms share 1 or more electron pairs they are said to have a | Covalent Bond |
When an atom loses or gains electrons it becomes electronically charged | Ionic Bonds |
What scale helps to define whether a substance is base, neutral or acid | pH scale |
Where does "Base" fall on the pH scale? | 14 |
Where does "Acid" fall on the pH scale? | 0 |
Where does neutral fall on the pH scale? | 7 |
What is the pH scale based on? | hydrogen ion concentration in water (Many chemical reactions in living cells involve exchanges of hydrogen ions. Therefore measuring this can help you determine the pH easily). |
hydrogen ion concentration | the number of moles of hydrogen ions per cubic decimeter |
What is a mixture in which one or more substances are uniformly distributed into another substance? | Solution |
Salt Water is an example of | Aqueous Solution |
In Salt Water which is the Solvent and which is the Solute? | Water is the solvent and Salt is the solute |
In Sugar Water which is the solvent and which is the solute? | Water is the solvent and Sugar is the solute |
Bleach has the pH of 12.5, this means based on the pH scale it is a | Base |
Orange Juice has a pH of 3.5, this means based on the pH scale it is a | Halfway between neutral and acid, so definitely not a base |
Healthy human saliva has a pH of 6.5-7.4 so it would be classed as a what based on the pH | Neutral |
What are an example of weak bonds in nature (bonds which don't take a lot of energy to break) | Hydrogen bonds |
Table salt is a compound which has the weak bond between the sodium and the chloride called | Ionic bond |
Carbon dioxide is an example of what type of weak bond at work? | Covalent bond |
Water is an example of a molecule with what type of covalent bond? | Polar covalent bond |