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Chem Review

QuestionAnswer
What is the Periodic Table of Elements? a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements, ordered by their atomic number (number of protons), electron configurations, and recurring chemical properties.
The atoms of an element that have different numbers of neutrons they are called Isotopes
The Atomic Number of an element refers to The Number of Protons
The Atomic Mass of an element refers to The number of Protons AND Neutrons
The substance dissolved INTO a solvent Solute
The substance that in which the solute is dissolved Solvent
When 2 atoms share 1 or more electron pairs they are said to have a Covalent Bond
When an atom loses or gains electrons it becomes electronically charged Ionic Bonds
What scale helps to define whether a substance is base, neutral or acid pH scale
Where does "Base" fall on the pH scale? 14
Where does "Acid" fall on the pH scale? 0
Where does neutral fall on the pH scale? 7
What is the pH scale based on? hydrogen ion concentration in water (Many chemical reactions in living cells involve exchanges of hydrogen ions. Therefore measuring this can help you determine the pH easily).
hydrogen ion concentration the number of moles of hydrogen ions per cubic decimeter
What is a mixture in which one or more substances are uniformly distributed into another substance? Solution
Salt Water is an example of Aqueous Solution
In Salt Water which is the Solvent and which is the Solute? Water is the solvent and Salt is the solute
In Sugar Water which is the solvent and which is the solute? Water is the solvent and Sugar is the solute
Bleach has the pH of 12.5, this means based on the pH scale it is a Base
Orange Juice has a pH of 3.5, this means based on the pH scale it is a Halfway between neutral and acid, so definitely not a base
Healthy human saliva has a pH of 6.5-7.4 so it would be classed as a what based on the pH Neutral
What are an example of weak bonds in nature (bonds which don't take a lot of energy to break) Hydrogen bonds
Table salt is a compound which has the weak bond between the sodium and the chloride called Ionic bond
Carbon dioxide is an example of what type of weak bond at work? Covalent bond
Water is an example of a molecule with what type of covalent bond? Polar covalent bond
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