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Intro Art

Chap 1 - 8 Except 5,6

Question	Answer
In visual arts and architecture, _____ refers to the arrangement of line, form, mass, and color	composition
_____ refers to the representation of distance and three dimensionality on a two dimensionall surface	Perspective
_____ is a system of writing music so the composer can communicate clearly to the performer the pitches, rhythms, and other elements of the piece.	Musical Notation
In theatre, film, and narrative literature, _____ is the structure of the artwork comprising crises, climax, exposition, complication and denouement, foreshadowing, discovery, and reversals.	Plot
A _____ is a form, image, or subject standing for something else.	Symbol
_____ is a descriptive analysis of a work of art that may or may not include a value judgement about the work.	Criiticism
_____ consists of a paintings, drawings, prints, and photographs.	Two dimensional art
_____ are the physical material of the work, such as oil paint.	media
The elements and principles of _____ are the building blocks of two dimensional art.	composition
_____ refers to the basic colors of the spectrum, such as red.	hue
_____ refers to the relative grayness or whiteness of a color.	value
____ refers to the number of hues and values used by an artist in a work.	palette
the receding lines of the linear perspective that converge on a vanishing point are called ____ lines.	Parallel
_____ refers to the illusion that shapes and forms diminishi in size as they recede into deep space.	foreshortening
_____ refers to the condition of identical shapes and colors appearing on either side of an artworks axis.	symmetry
_____ refers to balance achieved by using unequal shapes.	Assymmetry
In sculpture, ____ refers to the size, shape, and volume of forms.	mass
_____ sculpture is freestanding and fully three dimesional	full round
____ sculpture projects from a background and cannot be seen from all sides	relief
_____ sculpture emphasizes construction with thin, tubular items such as wires	linear
_____refers to the treatment of a sculpture	texture
______ refers to reliefs sculpture in which the figures protrude from the background by at least half their background	high relief
_____ refers to relief sculpture that projects only slightly from its background	low relief
_____ is a method of casting using a wax model to leave the desired spaces in the mold	lost wax casting
One of the oldest architectural structures is the _____, in which a horizontal piece is laid across two vertical supports	post and lintel
_____ refer to arches joined end to end	vault
_____ uses a framework to support the building	skeleton building
Skeleton framing using wood ( as in house structure) is called _____ construction	Balloon
_____ refers to wall material that is solid and continuous, rather than joined or pieced together.	monolithic
when metal forms the frame of a building ( as in skyscraper) it is called _____construction	steel cage
_____ refers to the first stage of human culture, marked by simple social organization, the discovery of fire, and basic techniques for hunting and gathering	paleolithic
____ is a word meaning " all the gods"	panthenon
_____ is the sumerian writing system, consisting of wedge marks pressed into damp clay	cuneiform
_____ refers to an egypt burial tomb of great size and scale	pyramid
the first stage human culture dates to before _____ years BCE	1 million yrs
_____ refers to the second stage in human culture	neolithic
domestication of animals began during the _____ period	neolithic
_____ refers to the land between tigris and euphrates	Mesopatamia
_____ was the first civilization to emerge in the fertile crescent	sumer
the capital of the ruler hammurabi was _____	Babylon
two main cities of the babylon empire were Nimrud and _____	Nineveh
The _____ appeared as a transportation device in sumer around 3000 BCE	wheel
The ____ were the first to use potters wheel	sumerians
The _____ king was a direct link between the royal family line and the creator sun god	egypt
the most important part of egyptian architecture is _____ buildings	mortuary
Egyptians believed that life continued for the dead as long as the corpse, or some ____ of it, survived.	material image
among other things, writing served as a tool of ______	control and power
The _____ Hammurabi was based on the notion of "an eye for an eye"	code
Hammurabi's authority and law was believed to come from the _____	gods
The cave paintings at Lascaux date from around _____ BCE	16,000-14,000
_____ art refers to the art made for rituals of death	Egyptian
_____ was the major art form for the egyptians	Sculpture
Egyptian sculpture typically represents ______	life like forms
The egyptian royal headdress seen in the funerary mask of Tutankhanmun is called a(n) _____	nemes
The basic instrument in mesopotamia and in egypt was the ____	harps
the oldest known storry in the world is the epic of _____	Gilgamesh
The egyptian _____ contains magic formulas placed inn tombs to serve and protect the dead in the afterlife	Book of dead
Most of our knowledge of egyptian painting comes from the tombs of _____	Thebes
_____ sprang up around sumer to house the sacrifices thought necessary to ensure good havest	Temples
Around _____ years ago, humankind began to develop notions of selfhood and individuality	50,000
_____ refers to the basic greek city-state	Polis
_____ means the "high city" and referred to the elevated place in the center of the city occupied by the temples of the gods	Olympus
____ is a style of vase painting that made use of bold, simple, linear designs	Geometric style
in three dimension art, the ____ style consisted of figures that exhibit a stiff, frontal pose	archaic
_____ refers to a freestanding sculpture of a nude male youth	Kouroi
_____ refers to a fully clothed female	Kore
_____ refers to the arrangement of body parts in sculpture so that the weight-bearing leg is apart from the free leg, thereby shifting the hip/shoulder axis	Contrapposto
The _____ order refers to a style of architecture employing columns capped by heavy lintels and a pedimentedroof	doric
The minoan civilizaton was centered on the city of ____	Crete
Minoan ____ has yet to be fully deciphered	writing
Minoan ____ had running water and elaborate drainage systems	palaces
The "palace of _____" had so many rooms that greek myth called it the " labyrinth of minotaur"	Minos at knossos
Minoan civilization was centered on ____	Knossos
The ____ supplanted the minoans as rulers of Crete	Mycenaean
The mycenaean military was the basis of Homer's ____	Illiad
The stones used to construct mycenaean fortresses were so large that the later greeks called them____	Cyclopean
An example of mycenaean architecture is the _____ Gate at the palace of mycenae	Lion
The four centuries between the mycenaean and greek civilizations are called the greek _____	middle ages
The hellene calendar began on the date of the first _____	Olympic games
The greek archaic period lasted from ____ BCE	800 - 480
The word _____ means " love of wisdom"	Philosophy
_____ was an important school of pre socratic philosophy	atomists
Horizontal bands used in organizing a design are called ____	registers
Athenian pottery can be divided into two types: black figure and ____	red figure
The ____ column on greek temples probably originated in egypt two thousand years ago	fluted
A band of relief elements below the cornice of a greek temple is called the _____	frieze
______ is a type of government run by the few, especially by a small faction of persons or families	Oligarchy
_____ is a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty and art and their relation to human beings	Aesthetics
____ is a style of art relying on the fundamentals of simplicity, clarity of structure, and appeal to the intellect	Classicism
The ____ orders characterized by columns with scroll like capitals and circular bases	ionic
The ____ order is characterized by columns employing an elaborate leaf motif in the capital	Corinthian
_____ style is an approach to art characterized by individuality, virtuosity and emotion	Hellenistic
The persian war effectively ended after the greek victory at	Marathon
The greek ship used at the battle of salamis is called a ____	Persian Fleet
The best soldiers in greece came from ____	Sparta
______ achieved dominance in intellectual and aesthetic greek life	Pericles
_____ carried athenian culture further than ever before	Alexander
The age after Alexander's death is called ____	Hellenistic
_____ was the first to view history as a specialized discipline	Herodotus
Herodotus believed the loss of the persians was result of their ____	moral
Plato's theory of _____ held that material reality was only a copy of a perfect, universal reality that can only be grasped by reason	form
Plato believed that art derived primarily from the skill of knowing and making, or _____	techne
______ called artistry a form of " divine madness"	Plato
For _____, proper art depends upon the " moral ends of the polis"	Plato
Aristotle believed that the art could produce a "purging" of emotions, an effect he called____	catharsis
The stern look on the faces of greek _____ sculpture expresses rational Self-control	classicism
_____ developed a set of rules for constructing the ideal human figure, which he laid out his treatise, the canon	Polyclitus
Much surviving greek art is actually a _____ copy	marble
Hellenistic sculptors turned away from _____	idealization
The classical greek temple uses a _______ structure	Post and Lintel
The ____ is the greatest greek temple and the prototype of all classical buildings since.	Parthenon
______ architecture sought to produce an overpowering emotional experience	temple
_____ refers to the "Senatus Populusque Romanus" or the Senate and the Roman people	S.P.Q.R
The _____ was 200 year span of stability during the roman empire, beginning with the emperor Augustus	Pax Romana
_____ are columns, often decorative, that are part of, and project from, a wall surface.	engaged column
The ______ is the principle enclosed room of a Roman temple	Cella
A _____ is a stone coffin, an important type of Roman sculpture	Sarcophagi
_____ refers to stone or brickwork, a structural architectural feature at which the romans excelled	Masonry
The roman senate was comprised of patres ( that is, the heads of old families) and wealthy members of the citizenry or _____	Plebs
The Roman Senates combination of old and new power is called a self renewing _____	Oligarchy
The two most important officers who ruled the Romans republic state were called _______	consues
Roman expansion was built on ______	military conquest
The Roman Republic collapsed during a period of ____	upheaval
One of Julius Caesar's most lasting contributions is the inventions of the ______	Julian calendar
______ sought the reestablishment of the Roman Republic after the assassination of Julius Caesar	Ocatvian
Octavian was given the title of _____ meaning the Fortunate or Blessed	Augustus
_____ created the first full time police force and fire fighters as part of his emphasis on order and peace	Augustus
_____ is known as the "stoic emperor'	Marcus Aurelis
Probably the most influential concept developed by the romans was _____	jurisprudence
Stoicism's main tenants were the acceptance of duty and ___ , and the kinship of all people	fate
____ was the first philosopher to treat art in a comprehensive manner	Plotinus
Roman religion stressed community ____, not individual religious experience.	rituals
The most formidable religious cult in the Roman in the Roman empire was the Persian mystery cult of ____	Mithra
Roman architecture self consciously borrowed from the ___	Greeks
The "roman attitude" is best described as ____	Utilitarianism
____ refers to painting on wet plaster	Fresco
The romans honored successful political and military figures with publicly displayed_____	Portrait and sculptures
The most significant " Roman style" development in architecture is the use of the _____as a structural element	Arch
The Roman belief in "honor above life", or ____ helps explain their taste for blood sport	virtus
_____ refers to the time in western european history that occurred between Antiquity and the Renaissance	Middle Ages
____ is a political and economic system in europe form the ninth to the fifteenth century, based on the relation of lord of vassal	Feudalism
______ usually refers to a way of life in which an ideal of perfection or a higher level religious experience is pursued through living together in a community	Monasticism
_____ is a style that flourished throughout western europe from about 1050 to about 1200	Romanesque style
____ is the name commonly used to refer to the monodic vocal liturgical music of the christian catholic churches	Gregorian Chant
The ________, as a symbol of the powers of darkness and evil, was a strong force in medieval thinking	Devil
Pope___ converted England to Christianity in 597	Greg
_____ refers to the period after the success of Charles at the battle of Politiers	Carolingian
The ____ period saw the first centralized political organization since the fall of Rome	Carolingian
The monastery and the ____ were unusually orderly and stable during the Middle Ages	convent
The daily schedule of the monastery is called the _____	Horarium
Christian _____ was championed by St. Bernard	Mysticism
_____ is a lifestyle of austerity and self discipline, generally religious in nature	Ascetism
The "oath of fealty" involved a _____ pledging allegiance to a lord	vassal
Parchment pages bound together between hard covers are called a ____	codex
Germanic Ottonian manuscript illumination combines Roman, Carolingian and ______ characteristics	Byzantine
The bronze doors of the Hildesheim Cathedral were made using a ____ process	lost wax
Monumental sculpture which had died out in the fifth century did not remerge until the end of the ____ century	Eleventh
_____ is the recessed ornamental space between an rich an arch lintel	Typanum
The ___ Chapel was built as Charlemagne's tomb house	Palatine
Romanesque churches differed from byzantine churches by being built according to the shape of a ____	cross, Latin cross
Romanesque churches were heavier and _____ than earlier churches	more heavier
The ____ is liturgical dramatic form that began as an elaboration of Mass	trope
____ refers to medieval music consisting of gregorian chant with an additional melodic line	Organum
____ constituted a more feminine point of view of ethics and personal conduct than the rigid and oppressive feudalism	Chivalry
____ is expression by means of symbols to make a broad commentary on human existence	Allegory
____ style is a synthesis of medieval intellect, spirituality, and engineering	gothic
_____ refers to the rejection of religion and religious considerations	Secularism
___ or " new art" refers to change in music occurring in the fourteenth century	Ars nova
____ is a sculpture or painting of the dead christ supported by mary	Pieta
A revival of ____ was the primary cause of a rebirth of cities in the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth centuries	trade
Merchant and craft ____ dominated trading cities	guilds
The medieval city offered hope of escape and protection to runaway ____ among others	serfs
The medieval " middle class" largely supported ____ over the fuedal system	The crusades
Many Important _____ gained their charters in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries	universities
The texts Aristotle entered Western europe through ____ sources in spain	Musllim
The hundred years war was fought between England and ____	France
Among the other things, the end of the Hundred Years War contributed to a new sense of _______ in western europe	national identity
The _____ ravage europe betweeen 1348-1350	Plague/ Black Death
Plagues hit the monasteries and large ___ the hardest	cities
One of the results of the plagues was a breakdown in stratification and an increase in _____ for both peasants and artisans	wages
The holy office of the _____ was charged with maintaining the purity of Christian thought-by any means necessary	inquisition
The medieval church recognized seven deadly _____	sins
Joan of Arc sought to end the violence of the ____	hundred years war
Wars and plagues ultimately led to a greater reliance on _____	industrialization
Tempera paint combines pigment with a(n) ____ binder	egg yolk
The sack of constantinople of 1204 reinvigorated the _____ influence in itailian painting	Byzantine
Giottas paintings are marked by new ___	naturalism
The content of gothic sculpture is ____

Created by: edr44

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