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Ch. 14 terms
Chapter 14 terms for Studying astronomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Kepler's First Law | A law stating that the orbit of each planet is an ellipse with the sun at one focus of the ellipse |
| Kepler's Second Law | A line joining a planet and the sun sweeps out equal areas during equal interval of times |
| Kepler's Third Law | The Square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit |
| Moon | A natural satellite that revolves around a planet |
| Astronomical unit | A unit of measurement equal to Earth's average distance from the sun, about 150 million kilometers |
| Nuclear Fusion | The process by which hydrogen atoms join together in the sun;s core to form helium |
| Radiation Zone | a region of very tightly packed gas in the sun;s interior where energy is transferred mainly in the form of light |
| Convection Zone | The outermost layer of the sun's interior |
| Photosphere | The inner layer of the sun's atmosphere that gives off its visible light |
| Chromospheres | The middle layer of the sons atmosphere |
| Corona | The outer layer of the sun's atmosphere |
| Solar Wind | A stream of electrically charged particles that emanate from the sun's corona |
| Sunspot | dark area of gas on the sun's surface that is cooler then the surrounding gases |
| Prominence | A huge, Reddish loop of gas that protrudes from the sun's surface, linking parts of the sunspot regions |
| Solar Flare | An eruption of gas from the sun's surface that occurs when the loops sunspot regions suddenly connect |
| Terrestrial planet | The name often given to the four inner planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars |
| Greenhouse effect | The trapping of heat by the planet's atmosphere |
| Gas Giant | The name often given to the first four outer planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune |
| Ring | A thin disk of small ice and rock particles surrounding a planet. |
| Comet | A loose collection of ice, dust, and small rocky particles, typically with a long narrow orbit |
| Coma | The fuzzy outer layer of a comet. |
| Nucleus | The central core of the atom; The solid inner core of a comet |
| Kuiper belt | A doughnut shaped region that stretches from beyond Neptune's orbit to about 100 times Earth's distance from the sun |
| Oort cloud | A spherical region of comets that surrounds the solar system |
| Asteroid | The region of the solar system, between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, where many asteroids are found |
| Asteroid Belt | The region of the solar system, between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, where many asteroids are found |
| Meteoroid | a chuck of rock or dust in space |
| Meteor | A streak of light in the sky produced by the burning of a meteoroid that passes through the atmosphere and hits Earth's Surface |
| Meteorites | A meteoroid that passes through the atmosphere and hits Earths Surface |
| "Goldilocks" Condition | A suitable temperature range and atmosphere for living things to survive on |
Created by:
rosedith
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