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Chemical Quantities

QuestionAnswer
Avogadro's Number 6.02 x 10{23} (written with 3 SF)
The mole Particles such as atoms, molecules, and ions are counted by.
1 mole of carbon, 1 mole of aluminum, 1 mole of sulfur all contain 6.02 x 10{23} atoms
1 mole of an element 6.02 x 10{23} atoms of that element
Conversion factor between the moles of a substance and the number of particles it contains 6.02 x 10{23} particles and 1 mole 1 mole 6.02 x 10{23} particles
Example: we use Avogadro's # to convert 4.00 moles of sulfur to atoms of sulfur 4.00 moles S atoms x 6.02 x 10{23} S atoms = 2.41 x 10{24} S atm 1 mole S atoms
Example: we use Avogadro's # to convert 3.01 x 10{24} molecules of CO2 to moles of CO2 3.01 x 10{24} CO2 molecules x 1 mole CO2 molecules 6.02 x 10{23} CO2 molecules= 5.00 moles of CO2 molecules
In a molecule of aspirin, chemical formula C9H8O4 9 carbon atoms, 8 hydrogen atoms, 4 oxygen atoms
Subscripts also state the number of moles of each element in 1 mole of aspirin 9 moles of C atoms, 8 moles of H atoms, 4 moles of O atoms
Atoms in 1 molecule C9H8O4 9 atoms of C, 8 atoms of H, 4 atoms of O
Moles of each element in 1 mole C9H8O4 9 moles of C, 8 moles of H, 4 moles of O
Conversion factor 9 moles C or 1 mole C9H8O4 1 mole C9H8O4 9 moles C
Conversion factor 8 moles H or 1 mole C9H8O4 1 mole C9H8O4 8 moles H
Conversion factor 4 moles O or 1 mole C9H8O4 1 mole C9H8O4 4 moles O
Molar Mass The quantity in grams that equals the atomic mass of that element.
Example: 1 mole of carbon (C) atoms I mole of carbon atoms, we would weigh out 12.01 g of carbon First find the atomic mass of 12.01 on the periodic table for carbon (C)
The molar mass of carbon is found by looking at the atomic mass on the periodic table. Carbon (C) = 12.01 g of carbon from the periodic table atomic mass
Carbon (C) 6.02 x 10{23} atoms of C = 1 mole of C atoms = 12.01 g of C atoms
Molar Mass of a Compound Multiply the molar mass of each element by its subscript in the formula, and add the results.
Find the molar mass of Li2CO3 Obtain the molar mass of each element 6.94 g Li 12.0 g C 16.0 g O 1 mole Li 1 mole C 1 mole O
Multiply each molar mass by # of moles (subscript) in the formula Grams from 2 moles of Li 2 moles Li x 6.94 g Li 1 mole Li = 13.8 g of Li
Grams from 1 mole of C 1 mole C x 12.0 g C 1 mole C = 12.0 g of C
Grams from 3 moles of O 3 moles O x 16.0 g O 1 mole O = 48.0 g of O
Calculate the molar mass by adding the masses of the elements. Molar mass of Li2CO3 13.8 g of Li + 12.0 g of C + 48.0 g of O = 73.8 g
Calculations Using Molar Mass 1 mole of Mg = 24.3 g of Mg
Created by: anderson76
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