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Adv Positioning & An
Quiz 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sonography is often used for the diagnosis of esophageal varices and carcinoma. | True |
| Hemochromatosis is best visualized using CT. | False |
| The Valsalva maneuver is used to evaluate the esophagus for reflux. | True |
| Thick and thin barium sulfate mixtures are typically used for radiographic imaging of the esophagus. | True |
| The flexible lead tower-drape shield is a device used to reduce patient radiation exposure during fluoroscopy. | False |
| Room air or carbon dioxide gas may be used in conjunction with barium sulfate for a double-contrast examination. | True |
| Thick barium sulfate consists of equal parts water and barium. | False |
| Factors that affect the speed with which barium sulfate moves through the digestive tract include temperature and consistency of the mixture. | True |
| Barium sulfate dissolves in water. | False |
| Patient complaining of heartburn and painful chest pains, which have interfered with his ability to work. He thought he was having a heart attack. His physician requests an upper GI series to verify what she believes is a hiatal hernia. | Based on the scenario, what upper GI series projection would best demonstrate a possible hiatal hernia?AP Trendelenburg position |
| Cindy, 15, is hypersthenic and has been complaining of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and sometimes blood in the stool. A CT examination indicated a possible retroperitoneal mass may be invading the stomach. | Based on the scenario, which radiographic projection will best demonstrate this tumor? Right lateral |
| Based on Cindy's body habitus, which central ray angle is appropriate for a PA projection? | 35 - 45 degree cephalic angle |
| You noted that Joseph is nervous and chewing gum. He tells you that he has been good and not smoked for the past 8 hours. He has chewed at least six pieces of the gum since last evening. What do you tell Joseph? | "I understand. But we may not be able to perform the procedure because...(explain to Joseph)." |
| Joseph, 34, is asthenic/hyposthenic. He has been complaining of a dull, gnawing ache that usually occurs 2 to 3 hours after a meal. It has impacted his appetite. The pain does not always occur and comes and goes during a week. | Based on Joseph's body habitus, for the RAO position, where will you position the central ray? 2 in (5 cm) below L1 |
| From the true prone position, to what degree should Joseph rotate his body? | 40 degrees |
| With the lateral position, to better visualize the upper esophagus, the "swimmer's lateral" position may be used. From a true lateral position, the upside shoulder is rotated _____________________ , with upside arm placed ______________________. | back, behind the back |
| In a true lateral position, the posterior ribs are: | Superimposed |
| For all esophagrams, in all positions, the central ray is normally positioned to the level of: | T5 or T6 |
| Patient may be positioned recumbent or erect. __________________ position is preferred because of more complete filling of the esophagus with the contrast media | recumbent |
| When using thick barium, respiration is ___________________ during the exposure. When using thin barium, respiration is ________________during exposure | suspended, not suspended |
| The RAO esophagram provides ___________________ visibility of pertinent anatomy between the vertebrae and heart than the LAO does. | better |
| Analyze the radiographic image of the AP projection of the stomach on a sthenic patient. Which statement(s) is/are correct? 1. The CR was directed to the level of L1. 2. The CR is appropriately collimated. 3. An 11- x 14-inch (28- x 35-cm) | 2 and 3 only |
| Analyze the radiographic image of the stomach with the patient in the oblique position. Which statement(s) is/are correct? 1. The kV range was 100 kV to 125 kV. 2. The study was double-contrast. 3. All required anatomy is demonstrated. | 1 and 2 only |
| For a radiograph of the esophagus taken in the RAO position, the patient is rotated: | 30˚ - 40˚ |
| The anatomic side indicator for a radiograph of an esophagus taken in the RAO is an: | L marker in the top left corner of the IR |
| When the patient is in the lateral position, the proximal portion of the esophagus may be better demonstrated by: | Drawing the patient's downside shoulder anteriorly and upside shoulder posteriorly |
| The IR size and orientation for a lateral projection of the stomach is: | 11 x 14 inches (28 x 35 cm) lengthwise |
| A PA projection taken on a hypersthenic patient demonstrates superimposition of the duodenal bulb and pylorus. Which modification will separate these two structures during a repeat exposure? | Angle CR 35º to 45º cephalic. |
| The degree of rotation for an LPO projection of the stomach taken on a hypersthenic patient is: | 60° |
| The body habitus demonstrated on the radiograph of the stomach and small intestines is: | Hypersthenic |
| The image of the esophagus taken with the patient in the oblique position could be improved by: 1. Rotating the patient 60° 2. Taking the exposure while the patient drinks continuously 3. Placing the top of the IR 2 inches (5 cm) above the top of the s | |
| The image of the stomach: 1. Demonstrates food in the stomach 2. Was taken in the prone position 3. Was taken using between 100 kV and 125 kV | |
| The image of the stomach could be improved by: 1. Decreasing the degree of patient rotation 2. Decreasing the exposure time and increasing mA 3. Directing the CR midway between the midline and left lateral margin of the body | 2 and 3 only |
| Which duct connects the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct? | Cystic duct |
| Which structure creates an indentation along the margin of the mid-esophagus? | Aortic arch |
| How many segments make up the duodenum? | Four |
| The esophagus terminates at the level of: | T11 |
| Where is the body of the stomach located in an asthenic patient? | Below the iliac crests at the level of L4 |
| Factors affecting the position of the stomach within the abdominal cavity include: 1. Age 2. Respiration 3. Stomach contents | 1, 2, and 3 |
| The typical recipe for a thin barium mixture is: | One part barium sulfate to one part water |
| Which imaging modality is most effective in detecting early signs of GERD? | Endoscopy |
| Which of the following protective devices will best reduce exposure to the hands and arms of the fluoroscopist? | Compression paddle |
| Diverticula ____________ 1. Are inward-projecting pouches in the mucosal wall 2. Primarily affect the fundus 3. Are typically asymptomatic | 2 and 3 only |
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