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Humerus & Shoulder
Chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the shoulder girdle consists of the | proximal humerus, scapula, and clavicle |
| the three aspects of the clavicle are the | sternal extremity, body (shaft), and acromial extrimity |
| the anterior surface of the scapula is referred to as the ____ surface | costal |
| the ___ clavicle tends to be thicker and more curve shaped | male |
| the three angles of the scapula include the | lateral angle, superior angle, and inferior angle |
| what is the anatomic name for the armpit? | axilla |
| what are the names of the two fossae located on the posterior scapula | infraspinous fossa and supraspinous fossa |
| all the joints of the shoulder girdle are classified as being | synovial (diarthrodial) |
| list the movement type for the scapulohumeral, sternoclavicular, and acromioclavicuar: | spheroidal, plane, and plane |
| the use of a grid is not required for shoulder studies that measures less than 10 cm. T or F? | true |
| the kV range for adult shoulder projections is between 80 and 90 kV for analog and 100 to 110 kV for digital imaging systems. T or F? | False |
| Low mA with short exposure times should be used for adult shoulder studies. T or F? | False |
| Large focal spot setting should be selected for most adult shoulder studies. T or F? | False |
| a high speed screen IR system is recommended for analog shoulder studies when using a grid. T Or F? | true |
| a 72 in SID is recommended for most shoulder girdle studies. T or F? | false |
| the use of contact shields over the breast, lung, and thyroid regions is recommended for most shoulder projections. T OR F? | True |
| which one of the following kV ranges(analog) should be used for a shoulder series on an average adult? | 70 to 80 kV |
| if physical immobilization is required, which individual should be asked to restrain a child for a shoulder series? | parent or guardian |
| CT anthrography of the shoulder joint often requires the use of iodinated contrast media injected into the joint space. T OR F? | true |
| what is the name of the insertion point for the deltoid muscle called? | deltoid tuberousity |
| on the inferosuperior axial projection is the acromion process the most superior structure? | No, it's not |
| what is the CR angle and CR position for the Alexander method for the AC joints? | 15 degrees cephalad angle centered at the level of the AC joint |
| what is the Neer method used to demonstrate? | subacromial spurs and the coracoacromial arch |
| What do you do on a transthoracic lateral if the patient cannot raise the unaffected arm over their head completely? | angle central ray 10 to 15 degrees cephalad |
| what is the CR angle and placement for Hobbs method? | CR is directed perpendicular to the axilla and the humeral head to pass through the glenohumeral joint |
| On the clements method, what do you do if the patient can not fully abduct the upper limb 90 degrees? | angle the tube 5 to 15 degrees toward the axilla |
| which dislocation is more common? | shoulder dislocation (95% anterior) |
| Can you use AEC for the Fisk method? | No |
| For the Garth method, how will the humerus be projected with an anterior dislocation? | humerus is projected inferiorly |
| How do you position the patient on a lateral scapula in order to demonstrate the body (wings)? | reach across the front of the chest and grasp opposite shoulder |
| what extra step is performed in order to demonstrate the Hill sachs defect? Also what is the CR angle and placement? | exaggerated external rotation, CR medially 25 to 30 degrees, centered horizontally to axilla and humeral head. |
| what is the CR angle and placement for the transthoracic lateral of the proximal humerus? | CR perpendicular to IR, directed through thorax to level of affected surgical neck. |
| What is the CR angle and placement for the bilateral AC joints on a 14 x 17 cassette? | midway between the AC joints and central ray is perpendicular |
| What bone is the longest and largest of the upper limbs? | humerus |
| the humerus articulates with the _____ at the shoulder joint. | scapula |
| the lesser tubercle is located _____ | anteriorly |
| the greater tubercle is located ______ | posteriorly |
| the shoulder girdle consists of two bones: | clavicle and the scapula |
| the _____ of the clavicle is the elongated portion between the two extremities. | body |
| who's clavicle is usually shorter and less curved, the male or female? | female |
| whose clavicle tends to be thicker and more curved, usually being more curved in heavy, muscular people | men |
| the spine separates the posterior surface into an _____ fossa and a ______ fossa. | inferior, superior |
| the lateral view of the scapula demonstrates relative positions of the various parts of the _____. | scapula |
| In the lateral view, the thin scapula looks like the letter __. | Y |
| the _____ is a long curved process that extends laterally over the head of the humerus | acromion |
| the ____ _____ is a thick beaklike process that projects anteriorly beneath the clavicle | coracoid process |
| the _____ is a notch on the superior border that is partially formed by the base of the coracoid process | scapular notch |
| neutral rotation is appropriate for a ____ patient when rotation is unacceptable. | trauma |
| the lesser tubercle is seen inn a profile ___ | medially |
| is an inflammatory condition of the tendon that usually results from a strain. | tendonitis |
| occurs as traumatic removal of humerus head from the genoid cavity | shoulder dislocation |
| refers to acute or chronic and traumatic injury to one or more of the muscles that make up the rotator cuff | rotator cuff |
| is a chronic systemic disease characterized by inflammatory changes that occur throughout the connective tissue of the body. Most common in the styloid process. | rheumatoid arthritis |
| and resulatant fractures are due to a reduction in quantity of bone or atrophy of skeletal tissue. Osteoporosis occurs in postmenopausal women and elderly men. | osteoporosis |
| also known as degenerative joint disease, is a noninflammatory joint disease characterized by gradual deterioration of the articular cartilage with hypertrophic bone formation. | osteoarthritis |
| is impingement of the greater tuberosity and soft tissues on the coracoacromial ligamentous and osseous arch, generally during abduction of the arm. | umpingement syndrome |
| frozen shoulder, is a disability of the shoulder joint that is caused by chronic inflammation in and around the joint | idiopathic chronic adhesive capsulitis |
| is a compression fracture of the articular surface of the posterolateral aspect of the humeral head | hill-sachs defect |
| is an inflammation of the bursae, or fluid filled sacs enclosing the joints | bursitis |
| is an injury of the anteroinferior aspect of the glenoid labrum | bankart lesion |
| trauma resulting in a partial or complete tear of the AR or coracoclavicular ligament or both ligaments | AC joint separation |
| AC dislocation refers to an injury in which the distal clavicle usually displaced superiorly. This injury is most commonly caused by a fall | Acromioclavicular dislocation |
| AP apical oblique axial projection: shoulder | garth method |
| tangential projection supraspinatus outlet: shoulder | neer method |
| tangential projection-intertubercular (bicipital) groove: shoulder | fisk modification |
| posterior oblique position-glenoid cavity | grashey method |
| inferosuperior axial prjection | clements modification |
| PA transaxillary projection | Hobbs modification |
| The humerus is approximately equal to ____ of the adult body height. | 1/5 |
| the tapered area below the head and tubercles is the ____ ____. | surgical neck |
| Distal to the surgical neck is the long body of the ____. | humerus |
| The ____ ______ is the roughened raised triangular elevation along the anterolateral surface of the body to which the deltoid muscle is attached. | deltoid tuberosity |
| the medial or sternal extremity articulates with the manubrium, which is the upper part of the ___. | sternum |
| Which anatomy is best demonstrated with the alexander method? | AC joints |
Created by:
jadenbolin43