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Functional Groups
Ochem
Term | Picture |
---|---|
Alkane | - Hydrocarbon Family - C-C and C- H bonds only - Saturated - aliphatic compound - CnH2n+2 - non-polar |
Alkene | - Hydrocarbon Family - C=C - unsaturated - olefin - CnH2n (same as cycloalkanes) - non-polar |
Alkyne | - Hydrocarbon Family - C triple bond C - unsaturated - CnH2n-2 (same as cycloalkenes) - non-polar |
Arene | - Hydrocarbon Family - C6H6 - unsaturated - benzene - non-polar |
Haloalkane or Alkyl Halide | - Heteroatom-Substituted Hydrocarbon Family - R-X (Carbon-halogen; alkyl/cycloalkyl - halogen) - polar |
Alcohol | - Heteroatom-Substituted Hydrocarbon Family - R-OH - polar |
Ether | - Heteroatom-Substituted Hydrocarbon Family - R-O-R' or R-O-R |
Amine | - Heteroatom-Substituted Hydrocarbon Family - R-N |
Nitrile | - Heteroatom-Substituted Hydrocarbon Family - R-C triple bond N (R-CN) - polar |
Nitro | - Heteroatom-Substituted Hydrocarbon Family - R-NO2 - polar |
Sulfide | - Heteroatom-Substituted Hydrocarbon Family - R-S-R' or R-S-R |
Sulfoxide | - Heteroatom-Substituted Hydrocarbon Family - O=S-R R |
Sulfone | - Heteroatom-Substituted Hydrocarbon Family R - O=S=O R |
Thiol | - Heteroatom-Substituted Hydrocarbon Family - R-S-H |
Aldehyde | Carbonyl Family R-C(=O)-H |
Ketone | - Carbonyl Family - O II R - C - R' |
Carboxylic Acid | - Carbonyl Family - O II R - C - OH - polar - weak acid |
Acid Halide | - Carbonyl Family - O II R-C- X |
Anhydride | - Carbonyl Family - O O II II R-C-O-C-R' |
Ester | - Carbonyl Family - O II R-C-OR' - polar |
Lactone | - Carbonyl Family - cyclic esters |
Amide | - Carbonyl Family------O--------------------------- - R-C-NH2 |
Lactame | - Carbonyl Family - cyclic amides |