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CHEM: Matter Ch2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
matter | anything that has mass and volume; it occupies space |
atom | the smallest unit of an element |
compound | a substance made of two or more different elements chemically combined at a specific ratio |
molecule | two or more atoms bonded together that act as a unit |
element | a substance composed of atoms with the same atomic number |
solid | phase of matter with definite shape and definite volume |
liquid | phase of matter with definite volume but no definite shape (takes shape of container) |
gas | phase of matter with no definite shape and no definite volume |
STM | Scanning Tunneling Microscope |
pure substance | a type of matter with the same composition and properties throughout; elements and compounds are pure substances |
allotrope | two or more different forms of the same element that have different formulas, structures, and properties |
physical properties | characteristics of a substance that can be observed and measured without changing the chemical composition of the substance |
chemical properties | characteristics of a substance based on its interaction with another substance |
physical change | change that does not affect the composition of a substance |
chemical change | changes the composition matter during a chemical reaction |
mixture | a physical (not chemical) combination of two or more substances |
alloys | a homogeneous mixture of a metal with another element (often another metal) |
homogeneous mixture | a mixture that is uniformly and evenly mixed |
heterogeneous mixture | a mixture that has different properties in different areas of the substance: not uniformly and not evenly mixed |
distillation | a method of separating the components of a liquid mixture that depends on different boiling points of the substances |
filtration | a method of separating the components of a mixture containing a solid and a liquid |