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AP LANG
LIST 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alliteration | The repetition of the initial consonant sound in two or more successive words |
| Consonance | The repetition of consonant sounds anywhere within a word in successive words |
| Allusion | A brief (sometimes indirect) reference to a person, place or thing—historical, cultural or literary. |
| Parallelism | Components of a sentence that are similar in grammatical structure |
| Assonance | Repetition of vowel sounds in successive words |
| Syntax | The arrangement of words as elements in a sentence to show their relationship or establish an effect. |
| Diction | Word choice |
| Apotheosis | When an individual is elevated to god-like status; the perfect form |
| Antithesis | A device in which two opposite ideas are put side by side syntactically for contrast |
| Juxtaposition | Placing two or more ideas, places, characters or actions, side by side with the intent of comparing or contrasting them |
| Asyndeton | The omission of conjunctions between words or phrases (affects pace) |
| Polysyndeton | A device in which several coordinating conjunctions are used in succession (affects pace/creates rhythm) |
| Anaphora | Repetition of words or phrases at the BEGINNING of successive clauses |
| Epistrophe | Repetition of words or phrases at the END of successive clauses |
| Cacophonious | Harsh or inharmonious sound—words with sharp or harsh sound produced by certain consonants (p, d, b, g, k, etc…) |
| Euphonious | Words or phrases that create a pleasing or melodious sound due to certain vowels or consonants (l, m, s, n, r, f, w, y…etc) |
| Synesthesia | Appealing to different sensory imagery simultaneously |
| Imagery | Gustatory, Auditory, Olfactory, Visual, Tactile |
| Gustatory | Taste |
| Auditory | Hearing |
| Olfactory | Smell |
| Visual | Visual |
| Tactile | Touch |
| Simple | --has ONE independent clause only --contains a subject and a verb—sometimes an object, a complement, or modifying phrases |
| Compound | Two or more simple sentences (independent clauses) combined by a conjunction or a semicolon |
| Complex | Contains one independent clause and one (or more) dependent clause(s)—adjective or adverb beginning with words like: that, who, whom, when—but these may be implied |
| Compound- Complex | Two or more independent clauses and at least on dependent clause |