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Mechanics Def'ns
MechanicsDefinitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Physical Quantity | A quantity that can be measured, or calculated, and expressed in numbers |
| Scalar Quantity | A quantity with magnitude only, not direction |
| Distance | A measure of how far one point is from another |
| Displacement | An object's overall change in position |
| Time | Used to measure the duration of an event or the interval between events |
| Speed | Rate of change of distance with respect to time |
| Vector Quantity | A quantity with both magnitude and direction |
| Velocity | Rate of change of displacement with respect to time |
| Acceleration | Rate of change of velocity with respect to time |
| Mass | A measure of the amount of matter in a body |
| Momentum | The product of mass and velocity |
| Force | That which causes acceleration |
| Acceleration due to gravity | The acceleration experienced by a body in free fall within the gravitational field of a massive body |
| Weight | A force equal to the product of mass and acceleration due to gravity |
| Centre of gravity | The point at which the whole weight of a body appears to act |
| Friction | A force that opposes the motion of a body |
| Moment of a Force | The force multiplied by the perpendicular distance to the fulcrum |
| Lever | A rigid body that is free to rotate about a fixed axis |
| Couple | A pair of equal and opposite forces whose lines of action do not coincide |
| Torque of a Couple | Product of the magnitude of one of the forces and the distance between the two forces |
| Density | Mass per unit volume |
| Pressure | Force per unit area |
| Buoyancy | Upward force on a body that is wholly or partly immersed in a fluid |
| Work | Product of force and displacement |
| Energy | Ability to do work |
| Kinetic Energy | Energy a body has due to its motion |
| Potential Energy | Energy a body has due to its position |
| Power | Rate at which work is done |
| Radian | A measure of angle found by dividing arc length by radius |
| Angular Velocity | Rate of change of angle with respect to time |
| Linear Velocity | Rate of change of displacement with respect to time in a direction perpendicular to the radius at that point |
| Periodic Time | Time taken for one complete revolution, cycle or oscillation |
| Centripetal Acceleration | Acceleration of an object travelling in uniform circular motion, directed towards the centre of the circle |
| Centripetal Force | Force required to keep up uniform circular motion, directed towards the centre of the circle |
| Elastic Constant | Constant of proportionality between force applied and the resulting displacement of spring/elastic string |
| Elasticity | Ability of a body to resist a distorting influence or stress and to return to its original shape and size when the stress is removed |
| Simple Harmonic Motion | When the acceleration of a body towards a particular point is proportional to displacement away from that point |
| Amplitude | Maximum distance an object moves away from its equilibrium position |
| Frequency | Number of revolutions, cycles or oscillations an object completes per unit time |
| Period of SHM | Time taken for one complete revolution, cycle or oscillation |
Created by:
conordesmond
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