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OpenStax Chem 13
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Term | Definition |
---|---|
equilibrium | in chemical reactions, the state in which the conversion of reactants into products and the conversion of products back into reactants occur simultaneously at the same rate; state of balance |
equilibrium constant (K) | value of the reaction quotient for a system at equilibrium |
heterogeneous equilibria | equilibria between reactants and products in different phases |
homogeneous equilibria | equilibria within a single phase |
Kc | equilibrium constant for reactions based on concentrations of reactants and products |
KP | equilibrium constant for gas-phase reactions based on partial pressures of reactants and products |
law of mass action | when a reversible reaction has attained equilibrium at a given temperature, the reaction quotient remains constant |
Le Châtelier's principle | when a chemical system at equilibrium is disturbed, it returns to equilibrium by counteracting the disturbance |
position of equilibrium | concentrations or partial pressures of components of a reaction at equilibrium (commonly used to describe conditions before a disturbance) |
reaction quotient (Q) | ratio of the product of molar concentrations (or pressures) of the products to that of the reactants, each concentration (or pressure) being raised to the power equal to the coefficient in the equation |
reversible reaction | chemical reaction that can proceed in both the forward and reverse directions under given conditions |
stress | change to a reaction's conditions that may cause a shift in the equilibrium |