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Day 1: M Metho 2
Mining Methods and Terms
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Lateral or panel opening like ramp and crosscut. | Tertiary |
Level or zone opening like drifts and entry. | Secondary |
The roof, top, overlying surface of an underground excavation. | Back |
Waste material overlying mineral deposits. | Capping |
Broken, caved, in mined out portion of the deposits. | Gob |
The portion of the deposit underlying an excavation and left as a pillar. | Sill Pillar |
Toward the working face, away from the mine entrance. | Inby |
Away from the working place, toward the entrance. | Outby |
A funnel-shaped excavation formed at the top of a raise to move bulk material by gravity from a stope to a drawpoint. | Bell |
Secondary horizontal or near horizontal opening usually driven in multiple. | Entry |
Opening or connection to the surface from an underground excavation. | Portal |
Narrow vertical or inclined opening excavated in a deposit at the end of a stope to provide a face. | Slot |
A method for surface highwall or outcrop recovery of coal by boring or excavating opening into the seam beneath the burden. | Auger Method |
The underwater excavation of a placer deposit, usually carried out from a floating vessel which may incorporate processing and waste disposal facilities. | Dredging |
The loading point beneath a stope using gravity to move bulk materials downward and into a conveyance by a chute or loading machine. | Chute Point |
It is a working face of an opening. | Breast |
The broken, caved and mined-out portion of the deposit. | Gob |
Portion of a deposit overlying an excavation and left in place. | Crown Pillar |
The country rock boundary adjacent to a deposit. | Wall rock |
The term applied to the timbering or the concrete around the mouth or top of a shaft. | Collar |
Sometimes referred to as open cut mining. It can be employed in any mineral deposit of any rock type lying near or on the surface. | Open pit |
Type of mining in which large quantities of water under pressure directed through pipes and nozzled (giants) are utilized to disintegrate the deposit. | Hydraulic Mining |
A surface or near-surface deposit, usually tabular and may be of considerable areal extent, containing mineral particles in detritus. | Detrital deposit |
Near-surface generally implies depths of ______________. | <500 ft |
Basically a continuous large-volume digging machine attached to a gravity concentrating facility (jigs, etc.) with waste removal systems, contained on a floating platform. | Dredge |
Open pit excavation from which ore is removed by gravity through a raise or raises connecting to underground haulageways. | Glory Hole |
It is the oldest method of mining both coal and most metallic ores. | Room and Pillar |
It is the process wherein large quantities of hot water are introduced through wells drilled into buried deposit of native sulfur. | Frasch Process |
A method for mining free gold deposits in river beds. | Dredging |
A surface mining method where the overburden is stripped first and dumped at the same time. Then the orebody is mined, horizontally in a single bench. | Strip Mining |
The method suits coal deposits that are flat and tabular with dips not to exceed 12 deg. The coal seams are mined by creating rooms and leaving pillars in a regular pattern. | Room and Pillar |
A method for mining weak veins and uses a great deal of timbers. The whole width of the vein is mined in horizontal slices starting from the top. The timber sets are blasted down after each slice is completed before the next slice is started. | Top Slicing |
It is a timbered stope but classified as self-supporting opening because the timbers are not used as support but to provide working platform for miners. The method is applicable to very narrow veins so that the timbers to be used are normally 5-6 ft. | Stull Stope |
A method of caving that utilizes the weight of an ore column that is being caved to crush itself into sizes small enough to pass through draw points that have been prepared beforehand. | Block Caving |
A horizontal opening in or near an ore body and parallel to the course of the vein or long dimension of the ore body. | Drift |
A horizontal or near-horizontal underground passage that is open to the atmosphere at both ends. | Tunnel |