Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ch.2
AHN
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1.How does the surface anatomy relate to the deeper anatomy of the head and neck? | Surface anatomy is the study of external features of the body and their relationships to their inner organs and parts.external features provide essential landmarks and clues for the health of underlying structures via visualization and palpation. |
| 2.What region includes the forehead and area above the eyes? | Frontal region |
| 3.Where is the supraorbital ridge located? | Directly inferior to each eyebrow |
| 4.What is the smooth elevated area between the eyebrows termed? | Glabella |
| 5.In what gender and age is the frontal eminence more prominent in contrast with the supraorbital ridge? | The frontal eminence is usually more prominent in adult females and children while the supraorbital ridge is less prominent. The opposite is true of adult males. |
| 6.List the two head regions that are covered by the scalp. | Parietal and occipital regions |
| 7.Describe the scalp and discuss what may be hidden from the clinician and patient. | The scalp consists of layers of soft tissue covering the bones of the skull. It is important to check the scalp for any hidden lesions during an extraoral examination. |
| 8.What head region contains the temple? | Temporal region |
| 9.What head region contains the external ear? | Auricular region |
| 10.What is the oval flap of the external ear termed and what does it collect? | The oval flap is called the auricle and collects sound waves. |
| 11.Through what tube are sound waves transmitted? | External acoustic meatus (to the middle ear) |
| 12.What is the superior and posterior free margin of the auricle termed and where is it usually located? | The superior and posterior free margin of the auricle is called the helix. The upper portion of the helix is usually level with the eyebrows and glabella. |
| 13.What is the inferior free margin of the auricle termed and where is it approximately located? | The inferior free margin of the auricle is called the lobule. It is approximately in line with the apex of the nose. |
| 14.What part of the auricle is found anterior to the external acoustic meatus? | Tragus |
| 15.What part of the auricle is found posterior to the external acoustic meatus? | Antitragus |
| 16.In what facial region are the eyeball and all its supporting structures located? | Orbital region |
| 17.What is the bony socket of the eyeball termed? | Orbit |
| 18.What is the usual location of the eyes in relationship to the vertical height of the head, as well as the eye’s usual width? | The eyes are near the midpoint of the vertical height of the head. The width of the eye is about the same as the distance between the eyes. |
| 19.The white area of the eye is termed? | Sclera |
| 20.What is the central area of coloration of the eye termed? | Iris |
| 21.What is the opening in the center of the area of coloration termed and how does it respond to light? | The opening in the center of the iris is called the pupil. It responds to changes in light by either contracting or dilating. |
| 22.What structure(s) covers and protects each eyeball? | Upper and lower eyelids |
| 23.Where are the lacrimal glands located and what do they produce? | The lacrimal glands are behind the upper eyelids and deep within the orbit. They produce enzymatic lacrimal fluid (tears). |
| 24.The delicate and thin membrane lining the inside of the eyelids and the front of the eyeballs is termed? | Conjunctiva |
| 25.What is the lining of the inside of the eyeball and its front termed? | Retina Note: This term is not found within the textbook. |
| 26.The inner and outer corners of the eyes are termed? | Inner (medial) canthus and outer (lateral) canthus |
| 27. Where is the root of the nose located? | The root of the nose is located in between the eyes. |
| 28. What is the midpoint landmark of the nasal region and what bony structure is located inferior to it? | The midpoint landmark of the nasal region is the nasion. The bridge of the nose is the bony structure located inferior to it. |
| 29. Why is the apex of the nose flexible? | The apex of the nose is flexible because it is formed from cartilage. |
| 30. What is another term for nostril? | Another name for nostril is naris. |
| 31. What midline structure separates the nostrils? | The nasal septum separates the nostrils. |
| 32. What are the winglike cartilaginous structures located laterally to the nostrils termed and what is their width in relationship to the eyes or the space between the eyes? | The ala is the winglike structures located laterally to the nostrils. The width between the ala is the same as the space between the eyes. |
| 33. The facial region inferior to each the eye and lateral to the nasal region is termed? | The infraorbital region is inferior to the eyes and lateral to the nasal region. |
| 34. The facial region that overlies the cheekbone is termed? | The zygomatic region overlies the cheekbone. |
| 35. State another term for the check bone and discuss its location in relationship to the eye and ear. | The zygomatic arch is another name for the check bone. It extends from the inferior to the lateral margin of the eye toward the middle part of the ear. |
| 36. Name the structure where the upper skull forms a joint with the lower jaw. | This is the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). |
| 37. What region contains the soft tissue of the cheek and what part of the face is it located in relationship to the nose, mouth, and ear? | The buccal region contains the soft tissue of the cheek. It is located between the nose, mouth, and ear. |
| 38. What muscle is used when a patient clenches their teeth together? | The masseter muscle is used to clench the jaw. |
| 39. What part of lower jaw is inferior to the earlobe? | The angle of the mandible is inferior to the earlobe. |
| 40. What is the term used when describing the division of the face into thirds? | The ventrical dimension of the face is the term used to divide the face in thirds. |
| 41. What is the darker appearance of the surrounding skin of the lips is termed and what is its width in relationship to the eyes? | The vermilion zone is the darker appearance surrounding the skin of the lips. The lips should be the same distance as that between the irises of the eyes. |
| 42. What is the transition zone that outlines the lips? | The mucocutaneous junction outlines the lips. |
| 43. What is the vertical groove on the skin superior the midline of the upper lip termed and what is inferior to it on the termination of the midline of the upper lip? | The vertical groove of the skin is the philtrum. The tubercle of the upper lip is inferior to the philtrum. |
| 44. The corners of the mouth are termed? | The corners of the mouth are the labial commissure. |
| 45. What groove on the facial surface separates the lower lip from the chin in the mental region? | The labiomental groove seperates the lower lip from the chin in the mental region. |
| 46. The inside of the mouth is termed? | The oral cavity is the inside of the mouth. |
| 47. The upper jaw is termed? | The upper jaw is maxilla. |
| 48. The lower jaw is termed? | The lower jaw is the mandible. |
| 49. Structures closest to the tongue are termed? | Structures closest to the tongue are lingual. |
| 50. Structures closest to the palate are termed? | Structures closest to the palate are palatal. |
| 51. Structures closest to the inner cheek are termed? | Structures closest to the inner check are buccal. |
| 52. State two terms that can be used to describe structures closest to the facial surface or lips. | Facial and labial are used to describe structures closest to the facial surface or lips. |
| 53. What membrane lines the oral cavity? | Oral mucosa lines the oral cavity. |
| 54. What lines each of the lips? | Labial mucosa lines the lips. |
| 55. What is the specific membrane lining of the inner check and what does it cover? | Buccal mucosa lines the inner cheek. It covers the buccal footpad. |
| 56. On the inner cheek, what is the elevated tissue near the maxillary second molar and what does it contain? | The parotid papilla is the elevated tissue. It contains the paratoid salivary gland. |
| 57. What are the upper and lower horseshoe-shaped spaces between the cheeks, lips, and gums termed? | The horseshoe shaped spaces are the maxillary and mandibular vestibules. |
| 58. Deep within each space between the cheeks, lips, and gums, what is the term for the tissue lining it and what is its transition zone? | The vestibular fornix is the space between the cheeks, lips, and gums. The transition zone is the alveolar mucosa. |
| 59. What fold of tissue is located at the midline between the membrane lining the lips? | The labial frenum is the fold of tissue at the midline. |
| 60. Using the correct terms, describe how the maxillary and mandibular teeth relate to each other. | They both have permanent teeth; the incisors, premolars, and molars. Also, they are both surrounded by the gingiva. |
| 61. Outline the position in relationship to each other of the type of permanent teeth found in each jaw. | The maxillary anterior teeth overlap the mandibular anterior teeth. The maxillary buccal cusps overlap the mandibular buccal cusps. Incisors, premolars, and molars are found in both jaws. |
| 62. The gums in general are termed? | The gums are called gingiva. |
| 63. The gum tissue tightly adhered to the bone around the roots of the teeth is termed? | Attached gingiva are adhered to the bone around the roots of the teeth. |
| 64. The line of demarcation between the firmer and pinker attached tissue and the deeper and redder movable tissue is termed? | The line of demarcation is called the mucogingival junction. |
| 65. The tissue along the margin of the gums is termed? | This is called the marginal gingiva. |
| 66. The inner surface or space between the tooth and gums is termed? | This is called the gingival sulcus. |
| 67. The tissue between the teeth is termed and what tissue is it an extension of? | The tissues between the teeth are the interdental gingiva. The extension is the intetdental papilla. |
| 68. State another term for the roof of the mouth. | Another name for the roof of the mouth is the palate. |
| 69. The firmer anterior part of the roof of the mouth is termed? | The hard palate is the firmer anterior part of the roof of the mouth. |
| 70. The midline ridge of tissue on the roof of the mouth is termed? | The median palatine raphe is the midline ridge of tissue on the roof of the mouth. |
| 71. What is the small bulge of tissue on the roof of the mouth lingual to the maxillary anterior teeth? | The incisive papilla are the small bulge of tissue on the roof of the mouth lingual to the maxillary anterior teeth. |
| 72. The firm irregular ridges of tissue on the anterior of the roof of the mouth are termed? | Palatine rugae are the firm irregular ridges of tissues on the anterior of the roof of the mouth. |
| 73. The softer posterior part of the roof of the mouth is termed? | This is called the soft palate. |
| 74. The midline muscular structure that hangs from the softer part of the roof of the mouth is termed? | This is called the uvula. |
| 75. What fold of tissue extends from the junction of hard and soft parts of the roof of the mouth down to the lower jaw, just behind the most distal mandibular tooth, which stretches when the patient opens their mouth wider? | The pterygomandibualr fold extends from the junction of hard and soft parts of the roof of the mouth. |
| 76. What dense pad of tissue is just distal to the last tooth of the lower jaw? | This is the retromolar pad. |
| 77. What is the posterior one-third of the tongue termed? | This is the base of the tongue. |
| 78. What is the anterior two-thirds of the tongue termed? | This is the body of the tongue. |
| 79. What is the tip of the tongue termed? | Apex of the tongue |
| 80. What are the small elevated structures located on the surface of the tongue? | lingual papillae |
| 81. What is the side of the tongue termed? | Lateral surface of the tongue |
| 82. Where are the foliate lingual papillae located and how do they appear? | Lateral surface of tongue; have vertical ridges |
| 83. What is the surface of tongue termed and what is its midline depression? | Dorsal surface; median lingual sulcus |
| 84. Where are the filiform lingual papillae located and how do they appear? | Dorsal surface; slender, threadlike whitish lingual papillae |
| 85. Where are the fungiform lingual papillae located and how do they appear? | Dorsal surface; reddish, smaller mushroom shaped dots |
| 86. What is the ‘V’-shaped groove on the surface of the tongue termed and which way does it point and also why is it hard to see clinically? | Sulcus terminalis; inverted; farther posterior on dorsal surface of tongue separates base from body of tongue |
| 87. A small pitlike depression found at the point of the ‘V’-shaped groove is termed? | Foramen cecum |
| 88. Where are the circumvallate lingual papillae located and how do they appear? | Line up along anterior side of sulcus terminalis on the body of tongue; larger mushroom-shaped lingual papillae |
| 89. What is the irregular mass of tissue on the posterior dorsal surface of the tongue? | Lingual tonsil |
| 90. What is the underside of the tongue termed and what are its large blood vessels termed? | Ventral surface of tongue; deep lingual veins |
| 91. What is each fringelike projection lateral to the large blood vessels on the underside of the tongue termed? | Plica fimbriata |
| 92. What part of the mouth is inferior to the underside of the tongue? | Floor of mouth |
| 93. What is the midline fold of tissue found between the underside of the tongue and the inferior part of the mouth? | Lingual frenum |
| 94. What is the ridge of tissue on each side of the inferior part of the mouth termed that are arranged in a ‘V’-shaped configuration and what do they contain? | Sublingual fold; Openings of sublingual duct from sublingual salivary gland |
| 95. Under the tongue, what is the anterior small papilla that contains the ducts of salivary glands termed? | Sublingual caruncle |
| 96. What is another term for the throat and what are the three major parts of the throat? | Pharynx: nasopharynx, oropharynx, layrngopharynx |
| 97. Describe the three parts in relationship to each other and to visibility on clinical intraoral examination. | Nasopharynx’s only visible part to dental professional is the fauces. Nasopharynx is continuous with nasal cavity, superior to level of soft palate. Oropharynx is between soft palate and opening of larynx, considered oral part of pharynx and visible for m |
| 98. The opening from the oral region into the throat is termed? | oropharynx |
| 99. What structures are located laterally to the opening of the oral cavity to the throat? | fauces |
| 100. What tissue is located between these lateral folds of tissue in the opening of the oral cavity to the throat and what do patients call them? | Palatine tonsils ;“tonsils” |
| 101. What is the facial region of the face that contains the chin and what is its prominence termed? | Mental region |
| 102. What main muscular structure divides the neck into regions? | sternocleidomastoid |
| 103. What are these regions termed and what is their relationship to each other? | Anterior cervical triangle: corresponds with two anterior cervical triangles separated by a midline; major structures that pass between head and thorax or chest can be accessed here. Posterior cervical triangle: lateral region of neck, posterior to sterno |
| 104. What is the midline prominence of the larynx and what is attached to its posterior surface? | Thyroid cartilage; vocal cords or ligaments of larynx |
| 105. What structure found in the anterior midline of the neck is used for muscle attachment? | Hyoid bone |
| 106. Describe how the main regions of the neck can be further divided and what structures define their borders. | Inferior part of anterior cervical triangle subdivided by omohyoid muscle into a carotid triangle superior to it and muscular triangle inferior to it. A single midline submental triangle is also formed by two parts of both digastric muscles as well as hyo |
Created by:
Chanellenae