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Patho Ch 19
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| dyspareunia | pain or discomfort in the pelvis during sexual intercourse |
| exogenous | originating from outside the body |
| gynecomastia | abnormal breast enlargment in men |
| hirsutism | excessive body hair in a male pattern |
| lactation | yielding of milk by the mammary glands which leads to breastfeeding |
| leukorrhea | white to yellow viscid discharge from the vagina or uterine cavity |
| meatus | an opening or passage, especially one leading to the body surface |
| menarche | establishment or beginning of the menstrual function. |
| spermatogenesis | The entire process by which spermatogonial stem cells divide and differentiate into sperm |
| Cryptorchidism | When one or both testes fail to descend into the normal position in the scrotum |
| Benign prostate hypertrophy | Common disorder affecting 50% of men over age 65. Hyperplasia of prostatic tissue compressing the urethra |
| Prostate cancer | 2nd leading cause of cancer death in men |
| Testicular cancer | Mail cancer primarily affecting men age 15 to 35 |
| Breast cancer | Common malignancy in women. Malignant tumor often develops in the upper outer quadrant. Most are unilateral |
| Cervical cancer | Carcinoma of the cervix |
| Uterine cancer | Endometrial carcinoma or uterine sarcoma or layeoma sarcoma |
| Ovarian cancer | Considered a silent tumor because of a lack of a screening test. It has a poor prognosis |
| Chlamydia | Bacterial infection, considered one of the most common sexually transmitted infections and the leading cause of pelvic inflammatory disease |
| Gonorrhea | Bacterial sexually transmitted infection |
| Pelvic inflammatory disease | Infection of the female reproductive tract including fallopian tubes and ovaries |
| Leiomyoma (fibroids) | The 9 tumors of the myometrium |
| Polystic ovarian syndrome | Enlarged ovaries containing sists with associated hormonal abnormalities |
| Fibrosistic breast disease | Presence of nodules or masses in the breast that change in response to fluctuating hormone levels |
| Genital herpes | Viral infection of the genitals causing erythmetous blisters |
| Endometriosis | Presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus |
| cryptorchidism | caused by an undescended testicle |
| benign prostate hypertrophy | caused by an imbalance of estrogen and testosterone associated with aging |
| prostate cancer | caused by inherited mutations, increased androgen levels, recurrent prostatitis or increased levels of insulin like growth factor |
| testicular cancer | cause is unknown |
| breast cancer | cause has a strong genetic predisposition related to BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 genes and hormonal factors |
| cervical cancer | cause strongly linked to sexually transmitted infections such as herpes simplex type II and HPV |
| uterine cancer | cause associated with increased estrogen levels, infertility, obesity, diabetes and hypertension |
| ovarian cancer | age and genetic factors increase risk |
| chlamydia | caused by a sexually transmitted infection |
| gonorrhea | caused by a sexually transmitted infection |
| pelvic inflammatory disease | caused by ascending sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia or gonorrhea |
| leiomyoma fibroids | cause is unknown |
| polycystic ovarian syndrome | caused by unknown dysfunction of the hypothalamic pituitary control system |
| benign fibrocystic breast disease | caused by changes due to fluctuating hormonal levels during the menstrual cycle |
| genital herpes | caused by viral infection by herpes simplex 2 or sometimes herpes simpex 1 |
| endometriosis | cause has not been established |
| cryptorchidism | symptoms include an undescended testicle |
| benign prostatic hypertrophy | symptoms include hesitancy, dribbling, decreased force of urinary stream, frequency, nocturia, recurrent urinary tract infections |
| prostate cancer | symptoms include hard nodule on the periphery of the gland, urinary hesitance, decreased stream, frequency, cystitis |
| testicular cancer | symptoms include hard painless unilateral mass, an enlarged or heavy testicle |
| breast cancer | symptoms include a single, small, hard painless nodule may progressed to dimpled skin or retraction of the nipple |
| cervical cancer | asymptomatic in early stage. Invasive stage may have bleeding, spotting or watery discharge |
| uterine cancer | symptoms include painless vaginal bleeding in a post menopausal woman and a palpable mass in the abdomen |
| ovarian cancer | symptoms include a feeling of fullness, indigestion, frequent urination, back pain or pain with intercourse |
| chlamydia | symptoms include dysuria, purulent cervical discharge or may be asymptomatic; in males, dysuria, and a white discharge |
| gonorrhea | symptoms include dysuria, purulent cervical discharge or may be asymptomatic; in males, dysuria, and a purulent discharge |
| pelvic inflammatory disease | symptoms include lower abdominal pain that may be sudden and severe or gradually increasing. Tenderness on cervical examination and purulent discharge from the cervical os |
| leiomyoma fibroids | usually asymptomatic but large ones may cause abnormal bleeding or infertility |
| polycystic ovarian syndrome | symptoms include increased androgens, estrogen, leutenizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormones, hursutism, amenorrhea and infertility |
| fibrocystic breast disease | symptoms include firm, moveable cysts that vary in size during the menstrual cycle |
| genital herpes | symptoms include painful blisters, ulcerations and watery exudate |
| endometriosis | symptoms include inflammation and pain with the menstrual cycle with the development of fibrous tissue causing adhesions, obstructions and infertility |
| syphilis | sexually transmitted systemic infection |
| syphilis | symptoms progress through four stages: primary stage-a painless chancre, stage 2-widespread systemic painless rash, stage3 latent stage-asymptomatic, stage 4 tertiary syphilis-gumma an area of necrosis and fibrosis and possible neurosyphilis |
| syphilis | caused by Treponema pallidum, an anaerobic spirochete |
Created by:
boringjen