Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Patho Ch 17
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abcesses | a localized pocket of infection or prurulent exudate surrounded by inflammation |
| adhesions | a band of fibrous scar tissue forming an abnormal connection between two surfaces or structures |
| autodigestion | abnormal destruction of tissues by activated digestive enzymes |
| bolus | a round mass of food ready to be swallowed |
| calculi | an abnormal concretion, usually composed of mineral salts, occurring within the body |
| cholestasis | obstructed flow of bile in the liver or billiary tract |
| chyme | thick, sem-ifluid mixture of partially digested food passing out of the stomach to the small intestine |
| colostomy | surgical creation of an artificial opening from the colon onto the abdominal surface |
| exocrine | secreting externally via a duct. |
| fecalith | a hard mass of feces, often impacted, in the intestine |
| gastrectomy | surgical removal of all or part of the stomach. |
| gluconeogenesis | the production of glucose from protein or fat |
| glycogen | a polysaccharide made up of glucose molecules, stored in skeletal muscles or the liver |
| hematemesis | vomiting blood |
| hepatocytes | functional liver cell |
| hepatotoxins | any substance that damages the liver |
| hyperbilirubinemia | elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood |
| icterus | jaundice |
| ileostomy | an artificial opening (stoma) created in the ileum and brought to the surface of the abdomen for the purpose of evacuating feces. |
| impaction | a collection of hardened feces in the rectum or sigmoid colon |
| mastication | the act of chewing |
| melena | black, tarry stool caused by bleeding in the digestive tract |
| mesentary | A double layer of peritoneum attached to the abdominal wall and enclosing in its fold a portion or all of one of the abdominal viscera, conveying to it its vessels and nerves. |
| multiparity | a woman who has had two or more pregnancies resulting in viable offspring |
| occult | hidden; difficult to detect |
| pruritis | itching sensation |
| retroperitoneal | behind the peritoneal membrane against the abdominal wall |
| rugae | a ridge or fold |
| sinusoids | a form of terminal blood channel consisting of a large, irregular, communicating vessel |
| splenomegaly | enlarged spleen |
| steatorrhea | fatty, bulky stool resulting from malabsorption |
| stricture | abnormal narrowing |
| tenesmus | spasms or straining associated with forced or painful elimination of urine or stool |
| ulcerogenic | producing or aggravating ulcers |
| bilirubin | a product of the breakdown of hemaglobin that is excreted in bile |
| peridontitis | infection and damage to the peridontal ligament and bone by microorganisms resulting in tooth loss |
| Hiatal hernia | Part of the stomach protrudes through the opening (hiatus) In the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity |
| Gastro esophageal reflux disease | Periodic flow of gastric contents into the esophagus |
| Gastritis | Inflammation of the stomach that may be acute or chronic but chronic is associated with atrophy of mucosa and loss of secretary glands |
| Gastroenteritis | Inflammation of the stomach and the intestines |
| Peptic ulcer | Found in the proximal duodenum or stomach or lower esophagus. Single small cavities that penetrate the sub mucosa |
| Stress ulcer | Ulcers that result from trauma, such as Burns or head injury. hemorrhage or sepsis. |
| Cholethiasis | Formation of gallstones which are calculated that may form in bile |
| Jaundice (ictherus) | Yellowish color of the skin and other tissues resulting from high levels of billirubin in the blood |
| Hepatitis | Inflammation of the liver |
| Cirrhosis | Progressive destruction of the liver tissue eventually leading to liver failure |
| Pancreatitis | Inflammation of the pancreas resulting from auto digestion of the tissues |
| Celiac disease | Malabsorption syndrome linked to genetic factors that cause improper breakdown of gluten and immunologic response causing atrophy of the intestinal villi |
| Crohn Disease | Inflammatory condition mostly affecting the small intestine |
| Ulcerative colitis | Inflammation of the rectum and other areas of the colon |
| Appendicitis | Inflammation and infection of the veriform appendix |
| Dysphasia | Difficulty swallowing |
| Dumping syndrome | Condition due to control of gastric emptying being lost after a gastric reception for hyperosmolar con hyperosmolar chyme draws more fluid into the intestine |
| GERD | caused by an incompetent lower esophageal sphincter |
| acute gastritis | caused by infections, allergies, irritating foods, alcohol intake, aspirin, corrosive substances, radiation or chemo |
| chronic gastritis | caused by chronic peptic ulcers, alcohol abuse, autoimmunity or elderly populations, some are idiopathic |
| gastroenteritis | caused by infections, allergies, foods or drugs |
| peptic ulcer | caused by excess HCL or pepsin secretion or infection by H. Pylori |
| stress ulcer | caused by trauma such as burns, head injury or serious hemorrhage or sepsis |
| cholelithiasis | caused by increased cholesterol in the bile, obesity, increased cholesterol intake, multiparity or oral contraceptive use |
| jaundice | symptom of other disorders involving excessive destruction or recycling or RBC's |
| hepatitis | caused by viral infection, chemical or drug toxicity or sometimes idiopathic |
| cirrhosis | caused by alcoholic liver disease, immune disorders, chronic hepatitis or metabolic disorders |
| pancreatitis | caused by gallstones or alcohol abuse |
| celiac disease | cause linked to genetic factors, causing a defective enzyme breaking down of gluten and autoimmune factors |
| crohn disease | cause is unknown |
| ulcerative colitis | cause is unknown |
| appendicitis | cause obstruction by a fecalith, gallstone or foreign material |
| dysphagia | caused ny neurologic deficit, muscular disorder or mechanical obstruction |
| dumping syndrome | usually occurs after gastric resection surgery |
| hiatal hernia | symptoms include heartburn, pyrosis, substernal chest burning, sour taste, frequent belching, regurgitation, dysphagia |
| Gastro esophageal reflux disease | symptoms include heart burn 30 to 60 minutes after eating or at night |
| gastritis | symptoms include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, hematemesis and gastric pain |
| gastroenteritis | symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fever and malaise |
| peptic ulcer | symptoms include epigastric burning or aching pain, usually 2 to 3 hours after a meal or at night relieved by ingesting food or antacids |
| stress ulcer | first indicator is usuallyhemorrhage |
| cholelithiasis | symptoms include sudden, severe waves of pain in the right upper quadrant or epigastric area often radiating to the back and right shoulder |
| jaundice (icterus) | yellowish coloring of the skin and sclera |
| hepatitis | preicterus stage is insidious with fatigue, malaise, anorexia, nausea progresses to the icteric stage with jaundice and an enlarged, tender liver |
| cirrhosis | symptoms include fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, anemia, diarrhea, dull aching pain in the right upper quadrant, progressing to ascites, bruising, esophageal varices, jaundice and encephalopathy |
| pancreatitis | symptoms include severe epigastric or abdominal painradiating to the back. signs of shock, low grade fever and abdominal distension |
| celiac disease | symptoms include malabsorption, malnutrition, steatorrhea, muscle wasting, failure to gain weight, irritability and malaise |
| crohn disease | exacerbations of diarrhea, cramping abdominal pain, pain and tenderness in the right lower quadrant, anorexia, weight loss, fatigue, anemia associated with malabsorption and malnutrition |
| ulcerative colitis | symptoms include frequent watery stools, blood, mucous, cramping pain, tenesmus, rectal bleeding, iron deficiency anemia, fever and weight loss |
| appendicitis | periumbilical pain, nausea, vomiting, then pain localizes in the right lower quadrant followed by rupture and peritonitis |
| dysphagia | symptoms include difficulty swallowing |
| dumping syndrome | symptoms occur shortly after meals and include abdominal cramps, nausea, diarrhea, hypovolemia, dizziness, weakness, rapid pulse and sweating |
Created by:
boringjen