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How Things Work 1.1
vocabulary from section 1.1 of How Things Work, by Louis A. Bloomfield
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acceleration | vector quantity that measures how quickly an object's velocity is changing |
| acceleration due to gravity at earth's surface | 9.8 meters per second squared (9.8 newtons per kilogram) |
| components | portions of a vector quantity that lie along particular directions |
| force | vector quantity that measures how much force in placed on an object and in what direction |
| inertia | property of matter by which it remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by an outside force |
| magnitude | amount of some physical quantity |
| mass | measure of an object's inertia |
| newton | SI unit of force |
| Newton's first law of motion | An object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in constant motion unless acted on by an outside force |
| Newton's second law of motion | an object's acceleration is equal to the force exerted on it by its mass |
| position | vector quantity that specifies an object's location relative to some reference point |
| SI units | metric system |
| speed | measure of the distance an object travels in a certain amount of time |
| trajectory | path taken by an object as it moves |
| vector quantity | quantity that consists of both a magnitude and a direction in space |
| velocity | vector quantity that measures how quickly an object's position is changing |
| weight | downward force exerted on an object due to its gravitational interaction with the earth; weight is mass times acceleration due to gravity (which at earth's surface is 1), and direction is toward the center of the earth |