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English
Keywords/Terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abstract Noun | A noun that refers to a concept, state, quality or emotion |
| Accent | the distinctive way that a a person from a particular region speaks |
| Acronym | A new word made from the initial letter in a name or phrase |
| Active Voice | When the subject of the sentence is directly performing the verb |
| Adjacency Pair | Dialogue that follows a certain pattern e.g. when speakers greet each other |
| Adjective | A class of words that can appear before (attributive) or after (predicative) a noun to describe it |
| adverb | A class of words that modify verbs according to time, place, manner, frequency, duration or degree. they can also modify nouns and adjectives |
| affixation | the process of adding an affix before (prefix)or after (suffix) an existing word to change either its meaning or grammatical function |
| Aliteration | When two or more words close to each other in a phrase begin with the same sound |
| Allusion | when texts or a speaker refer to a saying, idea outside of the conversation |
| Amelioration | when a word develops a more positive meaning over time |
| Anaphoric Reference | when a word, usually a pronoun, refers back to something or someone that has that has already been mentioned |
| Antithesis | type of rhetorical language where contrasting ideas or words are balanced against each other |
| Antonyms | words with opposite meanings |
| Archaism | an old fashioned word or phrase that isn't used in modern day english |
| Article | A kind of determiner that shows if the reference to a noun is general (a/an) or specific (the) |
| Aspect | a verbs aspect shows whether the action it refers to is already completed or still taking place |
| Assimilation | when sounds next to each other in a spoken words or sentence are pronounced in a different way to make the easier to say |
| Assonance | when the main vowel sounds of two or more words close to each other sound the same or similar |
| Audience | a person or group of people that read, view or listen to a performance or text. a writer or speaker can appeal to a particular audience by using specific literary techniques and language choices |
| Auxiliary Verbs | verbs used before the main verb in a sentence to give extra information about it |
| Babbling | the production of short vowel/consonant combinations by a baby acquiring language |
| Back-channelling | a kind of feedback in a spoken language that supports the person speaking and shows that what is being said is understood |
| back-formation | in word formation, back formation occurs when it looks like a suffix has been added to an existing base form to create a new word, but in fact the suffix has been removed to create a new term e.g. enthuse becomes enthusiast |
| behaviourism | a theory of language acquisition that suggests that children learn through a process of imitation and reinforcement |
| bidialectism | the ability of speaker to be able to switch between dialects, normally from Standard English to foreign, Native language |
| blending | when parts of two words are joined together to form a new word |
| borrowing | when a word used in another language falls into common usage in another through contact |
| broadening | when a word has quite a specific meaning becomes more general over time (also known as Generalization, extension or expansion) |
| cataphora | a reference in a text to something that follows in later phrases or texts |
| characterisation | the way that a writer conveys information about a character relating to their appearance, speech etc. |
| child directed speech | the way that caregivers talk to children - simplified or exaggerated language |
| clause | the simplest meaningful part of a sentence |
| cliche | an expression that has lost its novelty value due to being over-used |
| clipping | when a shortened version of a word becomes a new word in its own right |
| cluster reduction | when a child pronounces only one consonant in a consonant cluster e.g pay instead of play |
Created by:
matthew.gulley
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