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Anatomy Wk 3
WK 3 Voc
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Aorta | Largest artery in the body |
| Apex of the heart | Lower tip of the heart |
| Arteriole | Small artery |
| Artery | Largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body. Notice that artery and away begin with an "A". |
| Artioventricular Bundle (bunde of His) | Specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them, His is pronounced "hiss." |
| Atrioventricular node (AV node) | Specialized tissue in the wall between the atria. Electrical impulses pass from the pacemaker (SA node) through the AV node and the atrioventricular bundle or bundle of His toward the ventricles. |
| Atrium (plural: atria) | One of two upper chambers of the heart. |
| Capillary | Smallest blood vessel. Materials pass to and from the bloodstream through the thin capillary walls. |
| carbon dioxide (CO2) | Gas (waste) release by body cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then to the lungs for exhalation. |
| coronary arteries | Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. |
| Deoxygenated blood | Blood that is oxygen-poor |
| diastole | Relaxation phase of the heartbeat. (From Greek diastole, dilation) |
| electrocardiogram | Record of the electricity flowing through the heart. The electricity is represented by waves or deflections called P, QRS, or T. |
| endocardium | Inner lining of the heart |
| endothelium | Innermost lining of blood vessels. |
| mitral valve | Valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve. |
| murmur | Abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves. |
| myocardium | Muscular, middle layer of the heart. |
| normal sinus rhythm | Heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node with a rate in patients at rest of 60 to 100 beats per minute. |
| oxygen | Gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells. |
| pacemaker (sinoatrial node) | Specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat. An artificial cardiac pacemaker is an electronic apparatus implanted in the chest to stimulate heart muscle that is weak and not functioning. |
| pericardium | Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart. |
| pulmonary artery | Artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs. |
| pulmonary circulation | Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart. |
| pulmonary valve | Valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. |
| pulmonary vein | One of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. |
| pulse | Beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries. |
| septum (plural: septa) | Partition of wall dividing a cavity; such as between the right and left atria (interatrial septum) and right and left ventricles (interventricular septum). |
| sinoatrial node (SA node) | Pacemaker of the heart. |
| sphygmomanometer | Instrument to measure blood pressure |
| systemic circulation | Flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to body tissues. |
| systole | Contraction phase of the heartbeat. (From Greek systole, contraction.) |
| tricuspid valve | Located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three (tri-) leaflets, or cusps. |
| valve | Structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction. |
| vein | Thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart. Veins contain valves to prevent backflow of blood. |
| vena cava (plural: venae cavae) | Largest vein in the body. The superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of the heart. |
| ventricle | One of two lower changers of the heart. |
| venule | Small vein. |
| angi/o | Means: Vessel Terminology: angiogram or angioplasty |
| aort/o | Means: aorta Terminology: aortic stenosis |
| arter/o arteri/o | Means: artery Terminology: arteriosclerosis arterial anastomosis (From the Greek anastomoien, providing a mouth. arteriography endarterectomy |
| ather/o | Means: yellowish plaque, fatty substance (Greek athere means porridge) Terminology: atheroma. The suffix -oma means mass or collection. |
| atri/o | Means: atrium, upper heart chamber Terminology: atrial, atrioventricular |
| brachi/o | Means: arm Terminology: brachial artery |
| cardi/o | Means: heart Terminology: cardimegaly cardiomyopathy |
| cholesterol/o | Means: cholesterol (a liquid substance) Terminology: hypercholesterolemia. Statins are drugs that work by blocking a key enzyme in the production of cholesterol by the liver. |
| coron/o | Means: heart Terminology: coronary arteries. These arteries come down over the top of the heart like a crown (corona) |
| cyan/o | Means: blue Terminology: cyanosis. This bluish discoloration of the skin indicates diminished oxygen content of the blood. |
| myx/o | Means: mucus Terminology: myxoma . A benign tumor derived from connective tissue, with cells embedded in soft mucoid stromal tissue. These rare tumors occur most frequently in the left atrium. |
| ox/o | Means: oxygen Terminology: hypoxia. Inadequate oxygen in tissues. Anoxia is an extreme form of hypoxia. |
| pericardi/o | Means: pericardium Terminology: pericardiocentesis |
| phleb/o | Means: vein Terminology: phlebotomy. A phlebotomist is trained in opening veins for phlebotomy. Thrombophlebitis often shortened to phlebitis. If the affected vein is deep within a muscle, the condition is DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS (DVT). |
| rrhythm/o | Means: rhythm Terminology: arrhythmia. DYSRHYTHMIA is also used to describe an abnormal heart rhythm. Notice that one "r" is dropped. |
| sphygm/o | Means: pulse Terminology: sphygmomanometer. Measures pressure. |
| steth/o | Means: chest Terminology: stethoscope. A misnomer because the examination is by ear, not by eye. Auscultation means listening to sounds within the body; typically using a stethoscope. |
| thromb/o | Means: clot Terminology: throbolysis |
| valvul/o valv/o | Means: valve Terminology: valvuloplasty. A balloon-tipped catheter dilates a cardiac valve. |
| vas/o | Means: vessel Terminology: vasoconstriction. Constriction means to tighten or narrow. Vasodilation |
| vascul/o | Means: vessel Terminology: vascular |
| ven/o ven/i | Means: vein Terminology: venous. A venous cutdown is a small surgical incision to permit access to a collapsed vein. An intravenous infusion is delivery of fluids into a vein. |
| ventricul/o | Means: ventricle, lower heart chamber Terminology: interventricular septum |
| acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) | Unstable angina and myocardial infarction (hear attack), which are consequences of plaque rupture in coronary arteries. |
| angina (pecotris) | Chest pain resulting from myocardial ischemia. Stable angina occurs predictably with exertion; unstable angina is chest pain that occures more often and with less exertion. |
| angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor | Antihypertensive drug that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, causing blood vessels to dilate. It prevents heart attacks, CHF, stroke, and death. |
| auscultation | Listening for sounds in blood vessels or other body structures, typically using a stethoscope. |
| beta blocker | Drug used to treat angina, hypertension, and arrhythmias. It blocks the action of epinephrine (adrenaline) at receptor sites on cells, slowing the heartbeat and reducing the workload on the heart. |
| biventricular pacemaker | Device enabling ventricles to beat together so that more blood is pumped out of the heart. |
| bruit | Abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard during auscultation of an artery or organ. |
| calcium channel blocker | Drug used to treat angina and hypertension. It dilates blood vessels by blocking the influx of calcium into muscle cells lining vessels. |
| cardiac arrest | Sudden, unexpected stoppage of heart action, often leading to sudden cardiac death. |
| cardiac tamponade | Pressure on the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space. |
| claudication | Pain, tension, and weakness in a leg after walking has begun, but absence of pain at rest. |
| digoxin | Drug that treats arrhythmias and strengthens the heartbeat. |
| embolus (plural: emboli) | Clot or other substance that travels to a distant location and suddenly blocks a blood vessel. |
| infarction | Area of dead tissue. |
| Nitrates | Drugs used in the treatment of angina. They dilate blood vessels, increasing blood flow and oxygen to myocardial tissue. |
| nitroglycerin | Nitrate drug used in the treatment of angina |
| occlusion | Closure of a blood vessel due to blockage |
| palpitations | Uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias, such as premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) |
| patent | Open |
| pericardial friction rub | Scraping or grating noise heard on auscultation of the heart; suggestive of pericarditis. |
| petechiae | Small, pinpoint hemorrhages |
| statins | Drugs used to lower cholesterol in the bloodstream. |
| thrill | Vibration felt over an area of turmoil in blood flow (as a blocked artery). |
| vegetations | Clumps of platelets, clotting proteins, microorganisms, and red blood cells on disease heart valves. |
Created by:
KKEddings