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Gullett-Chem-Ch3
Chemistry-Ch3-LivingbyChemistry
Term | Definition |
---|---|
atom | the smallest unit of an element that retains all the chemical properties of that element and can exist as a seperate particle |
atomic theory | a theory that states that all matter is made up of individual particles called atoms |
model | A simplified representation of a real object or process that facilitates understanding or explination of that object or person |
nucleus | the dense positively charged structure composed of protons and neutrons that is found in the center of an atom |
proton | a positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom. The mas is about 1 amu |
neutron | a particle that is located in the nucleus of an atom and does not have an electric charge; the mass is about 1 amu |
electron | An elementary particle with a negative charge tht is located outside of the nucleus of an atom, has a mass of about 1/1840 amu |
atomic number | equal to the number of protons in an atom and is used to identify an element on the periodic table |
atomic mass | measured in atomic mass units (amu) it is the total mass of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
average atomic mass | the average mass of the naturally occuring isotopes of an element |
isotope | atoms of the same element with differing numbers of neutrons |
radioactive isotope | isotopes of an element that are less stable and emit subatomic particles spontaineously over time. |
nuclear reaction | changes in the nucleus of an atom |
readioactive decay | the process of ejecting or emitting pieces from the nucleus of an atom |
fission | the splitting apart of a nucleus |
fussion | the joining of nuclei to form a larger nucleus |