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Paper 1 Question 2
Terminology for this question
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Accomodation | When a listener adapts to the speakers accent or speech (copies it) |
| Semantics | The meanings of words |
| Politeness markers | Words or phrases that show concern for others and minimize threats |
| Face | Self-esteem of a person |
| Negative face | The way in which people avoid doing things they don't want to do |
| Violating a maxim | A subtle way of failing a maxim |
| Flouting a maxim | A more deliberate way of failing a maxim |
| Convergence | When the listeners accent and/or speech moves towards the accent/speech of another person in conversation |
| Discourse | The structure of a text that is longer than a sentence |
| Lexis | Words |
| High-frequency Lexis | Words that are used frequently |
| Low-frequency Lexis | Words that are not used frequently |
| Pragmatics | The underlying/ implied meanings of language |
| Backchannelling | The way in which a listener shows that they are listening/ paying attention |
| Positive face | A way of maintaining the Self-esteem of yourself or of others |
| Upward covergence | Changing your accent/speech to make it sound more prestigious |
| Downward convergence | Changing your accent/speech to make it sound less prestigious |
| Divergence | A way of changing your voice to separate yourself from others during speech |
| Idiom | A non-literal, metaphorical phrase |
| Received Pronunciation (RP) | Seen as the proper or prestigious way of pronouncing things |
| Accent | The way we pronounce lexis |