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Science chapter 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Structures that are easily seen by the unaided eye | macroscopic |
| The structures that require a microscope | Microscopic |
| The English who first saw the cells of cork | Robert Hooke |
| An experiment on cells science developed which maintains that all living things are composed of living units called cells and of cell products and that all cells come from pre-existing cells | Cell Theory |
| A flexible semipermeable membrane responsible for surrounding and protecting the other parts of the cell | cell membrane |
| Within the walls of the cell membrane is the largest portion of the cell the jelly like liquid called... | Cytoplasm |
| The cytoplasm contains many (answer) and dissolves chemicals performing thousands of simultaneous reactions | Organelles |
| Usually located in the center of the cell the (answer) is the most important part of the cell is responsible for regulating all cell activities | nucleus |
| Also within the nucleus is a substance called (answer) which stores information that determines the genetic traits of an organism | DNA |
| This information is stored on the DNA in... | Genes |
| A slide with a specimen covered by a drop of water and a removable cover slip | Wet mount |
| A plant cell has a sturdy protective (answer) that surrounds the cell membrane | Cell wall |
| Large (answer) house food materials fluids and minerals within a cell | Vacuoles |
| A diverse group of the smallest chlorophyll containing plants | Algae |
| Algae make up the largest portion of the (answer)microorganisms that live near the surface of the water and provide food for larger organisms | Plankton |
| Most of the 8000 species of (answer) are microscopic but because of their vast numbers they are often seen as green scum on a pond or lake | Green algae |
| Someone sell green algae form variously size and shape clusters | Colonies |
| A well-known Colony green algae | Volvox |
| Groups of single-celled green algae lined into in to form long chains resembling hairs | Filaments |
| A filamentous green algae that resembles a mass of green thread | Spirogyra |
| A yellow or brown pigment present in (answer) often causes these plants to appear yellow green or gold and brown | Yellow algae |
| The most numerous of all algae are the yellow algae called (answer) which except for bacteria are the most abundant life form on Earth | Diatoms |
| When diatoms die there's cytoplasm and Interstate walls eventually disintegrate the outer cell walls then fall to the floor of the body of water forming a layer called (answer) | Diatomaceous Earth |
| Nearly all of the (answer) live in cool ocean waters the best-known are microscopic and includes seaweeds like kelp rockweed & Gulfweed | Brown algae |
| The largest of the brown | Kelps |
| The majority of this algae are marine organisms and many are familiar seaweeds the (answer) live at greater depths and in warmer Waters than the brown algae | Red algae |
| A large group of hetero trophies plant-like organisms | Fungi |
| Organisms that obtain their nourishment from dead organisms | Saprophytes |
| Organisms fat break down the complex molecules of plants and animals into simpler ones that can be used by other living organisms | Decomposers |
| The study of fungi | Mycology |
| Thread-like structures | Hyphae |
| The body of the fungus | Mycelium |
| The most familiar fungi most of which are macroscopic | Club fungi |
| Common Club fungi that grow in soil | Mushrooms and toadstools |
| The stalk and cap of the fungus | Fruiting body |
| (On the underside of the cap) hundreds of Club shaped basidia | Gills |
| Also known as the Shelf fungi are often found growing on trees or rotting logs | Bracket fungi |
| Rust colored spores | Rust |
| Parasitic fungi that produce blisters containing black spores and often infect grains | Smuts |
| Another type of common microscopic fungi | Mold |
| Includes yeast and mildews make up the largest group of fungi | Sac fungi |
| Consisting of more than one cell | Multicellular |
| Single-celled | unicellular |
| A colorless organism that eats foods containing sugar | Yeast |
| Isn't the yeast converts the sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide in a process known as (answer) | Fermentation |
| Yeasts under favorable conditions reproduce rapidly by (answer) | Budding |
| the beginning stage of a new yeast cell | Bud |
| Another common group of sac fungi are most often found growing on plants | Mildews |
| What are the smallest of the chlorophyll-containing plants? | Algae |
| Define plankton. | Microorganisms that live near the surface of the water and provide food for larger organisms |
| What is a cluster of algae living together called? | Colonies |
| Name the most numerous of the yellow algae. | Diatoms |
| How do the red algae differ from the brown algae? | Red algae live in greater depths and in warmer Waters (than brown algae) |
| Which jelly like substance gives commercial ice cream a smooth creamy texture | Algin |
| What is a scientist who studies fungi called? | Mycologist |
| What term refers to organisms that obtain their nourishment from dead organisms? | Saprophytes |
| Which part of a mushroom is composed of the stalk and cap? | Fruiting body |
| In what two ways do bracket fungi differ from mushrooms? | Bracket fungi differ from mushrooms in that they grow slowly and have no gills |
| Name two parasitic Club fungi that badly damage crops each year. | Rusts and smuts |
| What fungi are a household problem because they grow on food? | Mold |
| What is the largest group of fungi? | Sac fungi |
| By what process do yeast reproduce? | Budding |
| The animal like organisms made of a single cell | Protozoa |
| The Dutch naturalist who is known as the father of microbiology | Anton Van Leeuwenhoek |
| Protozoa that move ususing a flagellum | Flagellates |
| A whip like organism of locommotion | Flagellum |
| Found in freshwaterlakes,ponds,and streams. Because they, like planuts,contain chlorophyll,(they often give the water and brilliant green color.) | Euglenas |
| Elastic holding tanks that collect dispose of excess water | Contracting vacuoles |
| Of the genus trypanosoma...A parasitic flagellate that moves using two flagella | Trypanosome |
| An African sleeping sickness | A deadly disease caused by one of the varieties of trypanosome |
| The protozoa that move by means of pseudopods | Sarcodines |
| False feet | Pseudopods |
| The best known of the sarcodines | Amoeba |
| A space for storing and digesting food | Food vacuole |
| Distinguish by their unique slipper shape and by the cilia | Paramecia |
| Hair like projections | Cilia |
| Protozoa that moves using cilia | Ciliates |
| The mouth cavity | Oral groove |
| Often found attached by a stalk to an underwater object in a stagnant pond | Vorticella |
| A trumpet-shaped ciliates that can grow to a length of 1/10 of an inch | Stentor |
| Spore-forming protozoa | Sporozoa |
| Five of the species of this parasitic group is what causes the widespread tropical diseaseptic Malaria | Plasmodium |
| A tropical disease caused by mosquitos | Malaria |
| A surgeon major in the British-Indian army, Whow finally was able to observe malaria parasites growing in the stomach of an Anopheles Mosquito in india | Sir Ronald Ross |
| Plants,animals,fungi,and proto Zoar are (answer) ,Organisms with organized nuclei | Eukaryotes |
| Single celled organisms that have no organized nuclei | Prokaryotes |
| What lives in the air,soil,and water? | Bacteria |
| One of the best known species of bacteria | E. Coli. |
| Cyanobacteria...Particularly hardy prokaryotes | Blue-green algae |
| The transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring by means of genes in the chromosomes of cells | Hereditary |
| What is the term for the animal-like organisms made up of a single cell? | protozoa |
| Who is known as the father of microbiology | Anton Van Leeuwenhoek |
| Name the whip like organ used by a Euglena for locomotion | Flagellum |
| Define eyespot | A small spot of light-sensitive pigment |
| What are the elastic holding tanks that collect and dispose of excess water within protozoa | Contracting vacuoles |
| Name of disease caused by trypanosomes | African sleeping disease |
| What protozoan is the best-known sarcodine | Amoeba |
| Which protozoa can be distinguished by their unique slippery shape and by the cilia that completely cover them? | Paramecia |
| What is the funnel-like depression that runs along one side of a paramecism's body? | Oral Groove |
| Define sporozoa | Spore forming protozoa |
| What is the sporozoa of the disease spread by the an anoiseles mosquito | Malaria |
| Define prokaryote | Single-celled organisms that have no organized nuclei |
| Which species of bacteria has given us much of our present understanding of heredity? | Escherichia coli (E.coli.) |
| Four main elements that cells are made of | Carbon,Hydrogen,oxygen,And Nitrogen |
| Four main types of algae | Green algae,Yellow algae,Brown algae,and Red algae |
| The most numerous type of algae | Diatoms (yellow algae) |
| The largest group of fungi | Sac fungi |
| The unique flagellate that resembles both animals and plants | |
| Euglenas | |
| What does the cell theory state? | That all living things are composed of living units called cells and of cell products and that all cells come from preexisting cells |
| What characteristics do all club fungi share? | They produce spores in club shaped structures called basidia |
| The disease caused by plasmodium | Malaria |
| The well known species of bacteria that is used in research on heredity | E.coli. |
| How do the two types of nuclei in paramecia differ? | Marconucleus-Controls the basic activities of the organism-Micronucleus-Functions in reproduction |
| What is the main difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes? | Eukaryotes have organized nuclei And prokaryotes do not |
Created by:
Hgslater83