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Chapter !0 Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following statements regarding pharmacology is correct | The action of the human body in response to a particular medication |
| The medication is used off label this means it | It is used for a purpose not approved by the FDA |
| Common components of a medication profile include all the following except | Incompatibility |
| Medications that are not manufactured synthetically | Use animal, mineral, or vegetable sources |
| The comprehensive drug abuse prevention and control act of 1970 | |
| Unlike schedule two drugs schedule one drugs generally have | no accepted medical application |
| Compared to schedule three drugs schedule four drugs | have a lower abuse potential |
| The generic name of the medication | proposed by the manufacturer |
| The paramedic should most suspicious that a controlled substance has been tampered with it | appropriate dose has been given and patient abuse is unlikely |
| Your medications are designed to target only specific receptor sites on certain cells in attempt to | eliminate all side effects |
| A medication that initiates for alters a cellular activity by attaching to receptor sites and promoting a cell response is said to be | agonist |
| The term "efficacy" as it applies to pharmacology is most accurately defined as that | ability to produce a desired or intended result |
| A medication is called an antagonist if | gives an opposite effect |
| The ability of a medication to initiator alter cell activity in the therapeutic or desired manor is referred to as | |
| Stimulation of beta-2 receptors results in | bronchodilation |
| Based on your knowledge of the sympathetic nervous system a beta-1 blocker wouldn't have it all the following except | all of the above |
| In order to cause a positive inotropic effect on the heart you would have to administer a | beta 1 agonist |
| Stimulation of beta-2 receptors will cause | bronchodilation |
| Medication a possesses a negative chronotropic effect will | decrease the heart rate |
| A drama tropic effects on the heart will | increase contract force |
| In order to relieve the bronchospasm associated with an acute asthma attack the paramedic would give | beta 2 |
| The patient is taking a beta blocker but has a new onset of dyspnea with wheezing which type of drug would not likely be effective to treat the bronchoconstriction or wheezing | |
| A cardiac patient on a beta blocker has been sick recently with severe vomiting and diarrhea they have dry mucous membranes and poor skin turgor the pulse is 60 | |
| If studies and animals are human beings have demonstrated normal to use or if there is evidence of fetal risk based on human experience a pregnancy category___is assigned to a medication | X |
| A paramedic is a woman with chronic pain injection of sterile saline and tells her that this is a narcotic analgesic to see if the pussy both like works the paramedic action | unethical |
| Which of the following conditions would make a patient the most susceptible to an adverse effect from medication | renal failure |
| When a patient has an abnormal susceptibility to a medication that is peculiar to the individual patient it is called | idiosyncratic |
| The therapeutic index of the medication is defined as the | the difference between the median effective dose and the median toxic dose |
| A medication that has a narrow therapeutic index | can still be used but needs to be monitored closely |
| Patients were genetically predisposed to an immune mediated medication response | |
| Decreased efficiency or potency of the medication when taken regularly by patient is called | tolerance |
| Cross tolerance to medication occurs when | repeated exposure to a medication in a specific class causes tolerance to other medications in that same class |
| The physical emotional behavioral need for medication order to maintain a certain level a normal function is called | dependence |
| Which of the following factors would have the least influence on the duration effectiveness of the medication | dietary habits |
| The peak of the medications affect depends on____, whereas the duration of affect the depends on____ | absorption, metabolism |
| The percentage of an unchanged medication that reaches the systemic circulation is referred to as | bioavailability |
| Medications administered by the ___ route by definition have 100% bioavailability | IV |
| Medication X is given to block the effects of medication Y example of | antagonism |
| Physiologic drug antagonism occurs when | two medications each producing opposite effects, cancel each other out |
| A medication undergoes first pass metabolism in the | liver |
| First pass metabolism of medication occurs when | |
| Which of the following statements regarding the endotracheal route is the dinner going ministration is correct | no longer considered a valid route |
| When a paramedic administers medication via the IV route | he has the ability to titrate the medication |
| IO infusion rates are comparable to IV infusion rates... | when a pressure bag or pump are used |
| Transdermal medication patches | 45 |
| Medications commonly administered via a nebulizer include all the following except | 46 |
| Direct route is preferred over the oral route for certain emergency medications because | 47 |
| In which of the following situations with the paramedic most likely minister a drug dealer rectal route | Seizure |
| as a medication undergos biotransformation it becomes | 49 |
| Most medication biotransformation occurs in the | liver |
| The paramedic should suspect altered metabolism in a patient with | liver damage |
| Patients with _____ are at significant risk for toxic effects of medications or metabolism waste product buildup in the body | renal failure |
| Patient takes 500 mg of the medication that has a half-life two hours how much medication will be in the patient's body after six hours | 62.5 |
| The paramedic can avoid technical errors in medication ministration by | 54 |
| Epinephrine is a medication that | is used for all three |
| And ____ agent is used to increase the pH of the urine | alkalinizing agent |
| all the following medications are used to directly reduce a patient's heart rate and blood pressure except | 57 |
| Which of the following statements regarding benzodiazepine medications is not correct | 58 |
| The desired clinical effect after ministering abeta 2 agonist medication is | relaxation of the bronchioles |
| Ipratropium bromide, an anti cholinergic medication, causes bronchodilation by | agonizing beta 2 |
| Lidocaine is in anti dysrhythmic that works by | 61 |
| Beta blockers to be used with extreme caution in patients with reactive airway because | 62 |
| Toxic effects from beta blockers include all the following except | conduction delays |
| Calcium chloride or calcium gluconate may act as an antidote to mitigate hypotension or bradycardia following an overdose of | 64 |
| Which class of medication is typically used to control the heart rate in patients with each real fib or atrial flutter | calcium channel blocker |
| Which of the following statements regarding adenosine is correct | used to asses P waves |
| In general alpha adrenergic receptor antagonists | vasodilate lowing the blood pressure |
| Patients who take alpha blocking medications at home are frequently prone to | postural hypotension |
| ACE inhibitor medications lower blood pressure by | blocking the conversion of angiotension 1 to angiotension 2 |
| Under normal conditions the renin- angiotensin system functions by | blocking alpha 2 |
| Patients taking ACE inhibitor medications commonly have | chronic dry cough because the converting enzyme is blocked |
| The Vegas nerve release is ___, which acts on ___ receptors | acetycholine, muscarinic-2 |
| Acetylcholinesterase is it enzyme that | breaks down acetycholine |
| Massive doses of atropine may be required when | Acetylcholine increases dramatically die to acetylcholinesterase inhibition |
| Paradoxical bradycardia may occur is atropine is given | doses less than 0,1 or slowly |
| All the following are endogenous catecholamine except | atropine |
| catecholamine and sympathomimetic medications should be administered with caution because they | |
| In contrast epinephrine norepinephrine | primary alpha |
| At 5 to 10 µg per kilogram per minute dopamine | activates beta 1 receptor sites causing increase heart rate and contractility |
| Dopamine is commonly used in the prehospital setting as the primary medication for | non hypovolemic hypotension |
| Used to treat cardiogenic shock and heart failure the primary physiologic effect of dobutamine is, a positive inotrope | increased afterload |
| Which of the following statements regarding vasopressin is correct | naturally occurring hormone that is secreted in response to intravascular volume depletion |
| The sociological effects of nitroglycerin when given to patients with cardiac related chest pain include | decreases preload |
| And critical care settings mannitol an osmotic diuretics is used to | reduce cerebral pressure |
| What is the mechanism of action of anticoagulant medications | prevent clot formation |
| Narcotic analgesics relieve pain by | stimulate opioid receptors to relive pain |
| Patient to receive opioid substances on a long-term basis | need higher doses of opioid medication for pain relief |
| In up to one third of all patients morphine sulfate causes___, which is why some EMS organizations are switching to Fentanyl | N+V |
| Glucagon is a naturally occurring hormone that is used to increase blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release stored sugar, whats its other effect? | beta 1 increase the heart rate |
Created by:
carsrock112