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NBE Embalming
Glossary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abrasion | antemortem injuries resulting from friction of the skin against a firm object resulting in the removal of the epidermis |
| Abut | to touch or contact, as with the tarsal plates of the closed eyelids |
| Accessory Chemicals | group of chemicals used in addition to vascular (arterial) and cavity embalming fluids: includes but in not limited to hardening compounds, preservative powders, sealing agents, mold preventative agents, and pack application agents |
| Acquired Immune Deficiency Aka AIDs | a specific group of diseases or conditions which are indicative of severe immunosuppression related to infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
| Action Level/AL Exposure Limits | these levels are established to ensure adequate protection of the employees at exposures below the OSHA limits, but to minimize the compliance burdens for employers whose employees have exposures below the 8-hour permissible exposure limit (PEL). |
| The AL for Formaldehyde | 0.5 ppm for 8 hrs |
| Actual Pressure | the pressure which is indicated by the injector gauge needle when the arterial tube is open and the arterial solution is flowing into the body. |
| Adipocere (Grave Wax) | a wax-like material produced by saponification of body fat in a body buried in alkaline soil |
| Aerobic | in the presence of free oxygen |
| Aerosolization | to disperse as an aerosol; minute particles of blood and water become atomized and suspended in air when water under pressure meets the blood drainage or when flushing an undercover flush sink |
| Agglutination (Congealing) | intravascular, the increase of viscosity of blood brought about by the clumping of particulate formed elements in the blood vessels |
| Agonal Algor | decrease in body temperature immediately before death |
| Agonal Coagulation (Congealing) | in reference to blood, a change from a fluid into a thickened mass |
| Agonal Dehydration | the loss of moisture from the living body during the agonal state |
| Agonal Edema | escape of blood serum from an intravascular to an extravascular location immediately before death |
| Agonal Fever | increase in body temperature immediately before death |
| Agonal Period | period immediately before death |
| Algor Mortis | post mortem cooling of the body to the surrounding temperature |
| Alternate Drainage (Restricted Drainage) | method of injection-drainage in which embalming solution is injection and then injection is stopped while drainage is open |
| American Congress of Governmental Industrial Hygienists/ ACGIH | an organization of professional personal in government agencies or educational institutions who are employed in occupational safety and health programs |
| Amino Acid | the building blocks of proteins; and the end products od protein digestion or hydrolysis, it is a compound containing an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl (-COOH) group attached to an alpha carbon and radical |
| Anaerobic | in the absence of free oxygen |
| Anasarca | generalized massive edema in subcutaneous tissue |
| Anatomical Guide | descriptive reference for locating arteries and veins by means of anatomical structures which are known |
| Anatomical Limits | points of origin and points of termination in relation to adjacent structures ; used to designate the boundaries of arteries |
| Anatomical Position | the body is erect, feet together, palms facing forward, thumbs pointed away from the body |
| Aneurysm | localized abnormal dilation or out pocketing of a blood vessel resulting from congenital defect or a weakness of a vessel wall |
| Aneurysm Hook | an embalming instrument used for blunt dissection and in raising vessels; has an eye in the hook position of the instrument for placing ligatures around the vessels |
| Aneurysm Needle | an embalming instrument that is used for blunt dissection and in raising vessels, which has an eye in the hook portion of the instrument for placing ligatures around the vessels |
| Angular Spring Forceps | a multipurpose instruments used in the embalming process |
| Anomalies | deviation from the normal |
| Antecubital | in front of the elbow/in the bend of the elbow |
| Antemortem | before death |
| Anterior | toward the front |
| Anterior Superior Iliac Spine | Bony protuberance, that can be palpated topographically, found on the ilium, the superior, broad portion of the hipbone; the origin of the inguinal ligament and the Sartorius muscle |
| Anticoagulant Fluid | ingredient of embalming fluids that retards the natural postmortem tendency of blood to become more viscous or prevents adverse reactions between blood and other embalming chemicals |
| Apparent Death | condition in which the manifestations of life are feebly maintained |
| Arterial (Vascular) Fluid | the concentrated, preservative, embalming chemical that will be diluted with water to form the arterial solution for injection into the arterial system during vascular embalming |
| Arterial Solution | the mixture of arterial (vascular) fluid and water which is used for the arterial injection and may include supplemental fluids |
| Arterial Tube | tube used to inject embalming fluid into the blood vascular system |
| Arteriosclerosis | disease of the arteries resulting in thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls |
| Articulation | place of union between two or more bones |
| Ascites | accumulation of serous fluids in the peritoneal cavity |
| Asepsis | freedom from infection and from any form of life; sterility |
| Asphyxia | insufficient intake of oxygen resulting from any numerous causes |
| Aspiration | withdrawal of gas, fluids, and semi solids from body cavities and hollow viscera by means of suction with an aspirator and a trocar |
| Atheroma | fatty degeneration or thickening of the walls of the larger arteries occurring in atherosclerosis |
| Autoclave | apparatus used for sterilization by steam pressure, usually at 250 F /121 C for a specific time |
| Autolysis | self-destruction of cells; decomposition of all tissues by enzymes of their own formation without microbial assistance |
| Autolytic Enzyme | the body's own digestive enzymes that are capable of destroying body cells (autolytic decomposition) |
| Autopsy | a postmortem examination of all the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological condition; necropsy |
| Bactericidal Agent | Agent that destroys bacteria |
| Bacteriostatic Agent | agent that has the ability to inhibit or retard bacterial growth. No destruction of viability of the microorganism is implied |
| Base of the Axilarry Space | the armpit |
| Biohazard | biological agent or condition that constitutes a hazard to humans |
| Biohazardous Waste (infectious waste) | bloodborne pathogens, blood or body fluids exposure, any potentially infective, contaminated waste associated with the preparation of human remains that constitutes a hazard to humans in the workplace |
| Biological Death | irreversible somatic death |
| Bischloromethyl Ether / BCME | a carcinogen potentially produced when formaldehyde and sodium hypochlorite come into contact with each other; requires a catalyst |
| Bleaching Agent | a chemical that lightens a skin discoloration |
| Blood | cell-containing fluid that circulates through the blood vascular system and is composed of approximately 22% solids and 78% water |
| Blood Discoloration | discolorations resulting from change in blood composition, content, or location, either intravascularly or extravascularly |
| Blood Pressure | the pressure exerted by the blood in the living body on the arterial wall measured in millimeters of mercury |
| Blood Vascular System | circulatory network composed of the heart, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins |
| Bloodborne Pathogen Rule | OSHA Regulations regulating the employee's exposure to blood and other body fluids (blood, human blood, human blood components, products made from human blood |
| Bloodborne Pathogens | pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans |
| Blunt dissection | the separation and pushing aside of the superficial fascia leading to blood vessels and then the deep fascia surrounding blood vessels, utilizing manual techniques or round-ended instruments which separate rather than cut the protective tissues |
| Boil (Furuncle) | acute, deep-seated inflammation in the skin, which usually begins as a subcutaneous swelling in a hair follicle |
| Bridge Suture (Interrupted Suture | a temporary suture consisting of individually cut and tied stitched employed to sustain the proper position of human tissues |
| Buccal Cavity | vestibule of the oral cavity; the space between the lips, gums, and teeth |
| Buffers | substances that in solution are capable of neutralizing, within limits, both acids and bases and thereby maintaining the original, or constant pH, of the solution |
| Cadaver | Dead human body used for medical purposes |
| Cadaveric Spasm | a prolongation of the last violent contraction of the muscle into the rigidity of death |
| Calvarium | the dome -like superior portion of the cranium |
| Calvarium Clamp | the device used as a means of fastening the calvarium after a cranial autopsy |
| Canalization | formation of new channels in the tissue |
| Capillaries | minute blood vessels, the walls of which comprise a single layer of endothelial cells. These connect the smallest arteries (arterioles) with the smallest veins (venules) and are where pressure filtration occurs |
| Capillary Permeability | ability of substances to diffuse through capillary walls into the tissue spaces |
| Carbohydrate | a compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen that is an aldehyde or ketone derivative of polyhydroxyl |
| Carbuncle | circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that ends in suppuration and is accompanied by systemic symptoms |
| Carcinogen | a cancer causing chemical or material |
| Cavitation | the formation of cavities in an organ or tissue; frequently seen in types of tuberculosis |
| Cavity Embalming | direct treatment, other than vascular injection, of the contents of the body cavities and the lumina of the hollow viscera; usually accomplished by aspiration and injection of chemicals using a trocar |
| Cavity Fluid | embalming chemicals which are injected into the cavities of the body following the aspiration in cavity embalming; may be used as a chemical in surface or hypodermic embalming |
| Cellular Death | death of the individual cells of the body |
| Center of Fluid Distribution | ascending aorta and/or arch of the aorta |
| Center of Venous Drainage | right atrium of the heart |
| Centrifugal Force Machine | embalming machine that uses an electrical pump to create pressure, either pulsating or non-pulsating |
| Chelate | substances that bind metallic ions such as EDTA; used as an anticoagulant in embalming solutions |
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