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Economics Chapter 7
Market Structures
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| market structure | an economic model of competition among businesses in the same industry |
| perfect competition | the ideal model of a market economy |
| price takers | a business that accepts the market price determined by supply and demand (PC) |
| imperfect competition | markets that have FEW SELLERS or products that are NOT STANDARDIZED |
| monopoly | only one seller of a product with no close substitutes, regulated, control of prices |
| cartel | a group that acts together to set prices and limit output |
| price maker | a firm that DOES NOT have to consider competitors when setting the price (IM) |
| barrier to entry | something that makes it hard for a new business to enter a market |
| natural monopoly | when the costs of production are lowest with only one producer; public utilities |
| government monopoly | when the government either owns and runs the business or authorizes only one producer; post office |
| technological monopoly | when a firm controls a manufacturing method, invention, or type of technology; Polaroid camera |
| geographic monopoly | where there are no other producers within a certain region; pro sports, remote locations |
| monopolistic competition | MANY buyers and sellers, similar, but standardized products, limited price control, FREE to enter and exit market |
| oligopoly | FEW sellers and MANY buyers, similar products, more price control, LITTLE freedom to enter and exit market |