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IP Comm 02
Stack #219108
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| True or false: How we perceive ourselves is based largely on the people with whom we interact. | True |
| GH Mead said self is developed by internalizing what 2 kinds of perspectives that are communicated to us? | Particular (specific) othersGeneralized others |
| What 2 groups of people usually have larger extended families than European Americans? | African-Americans - Hispanics |
| Do some Native Americans consider everyone in their clan family? | Yes |
| What 2 things do Westerners see as central to personal identity? | Race - Gender |
| In some cultures, are babies considered as "non-humans"? | Yes |
| Self concept is influenced by families by what 4 things? | Attachment Styles - Direct Definition - Reflected Appraisals - Identity Scripts |
| What is Direct Definition? | Communication that tells us who we are by explicitly labeling us and our behaviors |
| How a child is treated in the first __________ of life sets his expectation of success or failure in life. | 8 months |
| If a child's achievements are not noted and affirmed, what 2 things is he set up for? | Low self-esteem - Self-fulfilling prophecies |
| What is the difference between Direct Definition and Reflected Appraisal? | Direct Definition is direct labeling of a person. Reflected Appraisal is what we think other people think about us. |
| What does a vulture do? | Finds a person's weaknesses and magnifies them. |
| What are the 4 Attachment Styles? | Secure - Anxious/Ambivalent - Dismissive - Fearful |
| Which Attachment Style is the most positive? | Secure |
| In a Secure Attachment Style, how does the caregiver act? | In a caring and attentive way |
| In what Attachment Style does a child think he is unworthy of love and others are rejecting? | Fearful |
| In what Attachment Style does a child assume adults are always right and he is the problem? | Anxious/Ambivalent |
| Which Attachment Style is the most complex? | Anxious/Ambivalent |
| Reflected Appraisals can lead to Self-Fulfilling Prophecies? What is a Self-Fulfillnig Prophecy? | Acting in ways others have predicted because we have internalized their opinions. |
| What is the definition of an Identity Script? | Rules for living and identity |
| What 3 things are Identity Scripts used for? | To define our roles, how we play them, and basic elements in the plots of our lives |
| By what age are basic identity scripts formed, according to most psychologists? | 5 years |
| Does poverty affect Attachment Style? | Yes--less secure |
| How can we modify an Attachment Style? | By disconfirming early self-perceptions and forming relationships that foster more secure connections |
| Who frequently modifies Attachment Styles of another person? | A romantic partner |
| What does GO stand for? | Generalized Others |
| True or false: Not every society or group has a GO that reflects shared values, experiences, and understandings of that group. | False |
| How are perspectives of the GO revealed? | Interacting with others who pass on values and various institutions |
| True or false: One of the first ways a child learns to identify him/herself is through gender. | True |
| True or false: Our gender makes a great deal of difference in how others view us and how we view ourselves. | True |
| True or false: Western cultures have strong gender prescriptions of how each gender is to act. | True |
| True or false: The GO's perspective is communicated through privileges given to heterosexuals but denied to people with other sexual orientations. | True--homosexual couples are denied insurance |
| Does socioeconomic class influence which of Maslow's Needs we focus on? | Yes--lower class may not have the money to address anything but basic needs. |
| What is Social Comparison? | Comparing ourselves to others to form judgments of ourselves and our abilities. |
| What are 2 forms of Social Comparison? | General (are we alike or different) - Specific |
| What are the 5 Dimensions of Self? | Physical - Mental - Emotional - Social - Moral |
| What 6 things shape Self? | Direct Definitions, Reflected Appraisals, Identity Scripts, Attachment Styles, Social Comparisons, Perspectives of the GO |
| What is an ego boundary? | Definition of where an individual stops and the rest of the world begins |
| When is the beginning of self-concept? | When it is realized that the individual is a separate entity |
| At what age does the self begin to develop? | During the first year or two of life |
| True or false: An infant perceives no boundaries. | True |
| Does the self as a process continue throughout life? | Yes |
| We learn what society and GO values. Do we always internalize these values? | No |
| Are all views of society and GO's constructive? | No |
| Who has the responsibility of challenging social views and values that are harmful? | We do |
| True or false: Social meanings vary across times within individual cultures | True |
| What are the 4 areas of the Johari Window? | Open/Public - Blind - Hidden - Unknown |
| Name 3 ways we can gain access to information in our blind or unknown areas. | New experiences - New forms of communication - Interacting with others |
| To improve self-esteem, what kind of a commitment do you need to make to personal growth? | Firm |
| What kind of goals should you set in order to improve self-esteem? | Ones that are realistic and fair |
| When trying to improve self-esteem, what kind of environment should you seek? | A supportive one |
Created by:
GingerEve