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health assessment

Question	Answer
A hairy tongue with yellowish brown to black elongated papillae on the dorsum	Recent antibiotic use can turn the tongue yellow-brown to black and hairy.
Examiner experience should result in	information about the chief complaint, and then arrive at a diagnosis. One must always remain cognizant that your favorite hypotheses may not be valid.
Mr. Johnson presents with a freely movable cystic mass in the midline of the high neck region at the base of the tongue. This is most likely a	A thyroglossal duct cyst presents as a freely movable mass at the base of the tongue. A parotid gland tumor occurs in the ear and cheek bone area. A branchial cleft cyst occurs in the lateral neck area. A Stensen duct stone occurs in the parotid duct.
A bruit, or blowing sound, over the skull or temporal region of an adult indicates a:	Temporal bruits can indicate a vascular anomaly such as an arterial obstruction, an aneurysm, or a vascular neoplasm.
You are palpating a patient's thyroid and find that its broadest dimension measures 4 cm. The right lobe is 25% larger than the left. These data would indicate:	The described situation is most likely a normal finding; the right lobe of the thyroid gland is typically 25% larger than the left and measures 4 cm. The other choices produce enlargements beyond these normal findings.
You are performing Weber and Rinne hearing tests. For the Weber test, the sound lateralized to the unaffected ear; for the Rinne test, air conduction to bone conduction ratio was less than 2:1. You interpret these findings as suggestive of:	These results are consistent with a sensorineural hearing loss, a defect in the inner ear. Otitis externa, impacted cerumen, and serous otitis are conditions that can cause conductive hearing problems.
The premature union of cranial sutures that involves the shape of the head without mental retardation is:	In patients with craniosynostosis, the cranial sutures fuse prematurely, causing a misshapen head, but mental retardation is not involved. Encephalocele and microcephaly involve mental retardation. Myxedema is a condition of hyperthyroidism.
Severe vertigo, tinnitus, and progressive hearing loss are characteristic of:	The classic triad of Ménière disease is vertigo, tinnitus, and progressive hearing loss.
Which type of headache usually occurs at night, is precipitated by alcohol consumption, and occurs more often in men than in women?	Cluster headaches usually occur at night; they are associated with alcohol consumption and occur more often in men.
If trauma above the clavicle is suspected, it is important to:	If trauma above the clavicle is suspected, it is important to control the cervical spine by stabilizing the neck in a neutral position. Excessive movement can convert a fracture or dislocation without neurologic damage to one with neurologic damage.
The brown or tan pigmentation on the forehead, nose, and malar prominence of some pregnant women is called:	Chloasma¯brown/tan facial pigmentation during pregnancy¯will fade after delivery. Hormonal acne and erythema do not result in brown or tan pigmentation, and alopecia is loss of hair.
Which of the following is an accepted method of making a diagnosis?	Methods to make a diagnosis include recognizing patterns, sampling the universe, or using algorithms. Unifying all your findings into one diagnosis is not always possible. More than one disease process can exist at one time in the same patient.
Speech with a monotonous tone and erratic volume may indicate:	Speech with a monotonous tone and erratic volume may indicate hearing loss. Although hearing may be affected in the other choices, they do not result in hearing loss.
Positive outcomes rely on the:	Positive patient outcomes are dependent on your ability to arrive at accurate hypotheses that then direct quality patient care decisions.
Mr. C.'s visual acuity is 20/50. This means that he:	Visual acuity is measured as a fraction in which the top number is the distance the patient is standing from the chart and the bottom number is the distance that an average person can stand and still read the line.
Mrs. Alden is a 29-year-old pregnant patient in her third trimester. She tells you that her vision has been a little blurred and she thinks she needs to get new contact lenses. You should advise her to:	Because of the increased level of lysozyme in the tears during pregnancy, a blurred sensation may occur but will subside several weeks after pregnancy. The blurred vision is a normal occurrence during pregnancy.
To differentiate between infants who have strabismus and those who have pseudostrabismus, use the:	The corneal light reflex is used with infants to differentiate between strabismus and pseudostrabismus by noting an asymmetrical versus symmetrical light reflex.
Measurement of near vision should be done:	Near vision is measured with the Rosenbaum card and should be tested in each eye separately, with the patient holding the card in front at about 35 cm.
Ptosis may be secondary to:	Ptosis is caused by a congenital defect of the muscle around the eye controlled by cranial nerve III. Hyperthyroidism causes exophthalmos. Psoriasis is a skin condition. Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelid.
A patient has come in with a cc of facial pain and “sinus issues.” Transillumination of the right sinus produces no light. Which of the following findings on x-ray would support your diagnosis of sinusitis?	..

Created by: Keona

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