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HIT 220 - Chapter 1

Introduction to Human Disease - Key Terms

TermDefinition
ACUTE (a-CUTE) a disease that is short term.
AUSCULTATION (AWS-kul-TAY-shun) using a stethoscope to listen to body cavities and organs.
CHRONIC a disease that persists for a long time.
COMPLICATION the onset of a second disease or disorder in an individual who is already affected with a disease.
DIAGNOSIS (DIE-ag-KNOW-sis) the identification or naming of a disease.
DISEASE a change in structure or function within the body that is considered to be abnormal; any change from normal.
DISORDER a derangement or abnormality of function.
ETIOLOGY (ET-tee-OL-oh-jee) the study of cause or the cause of a disease.
EXACERBATION (x-AS-er-BAY-shun) a time when symptoms flare up or become worse.
FATAL inevitable or causing death.
HOLISTIC MEDICINE the concept of considering the whole person rather than just the physical being.
HOMEOSTASIS (HOME-ee-oh-STAY-sis) the state of sameness or normalcy that the body strives to maintain.
IATROGENIC (eye-AT-roh-JEN-ick; iatro = medicine, physician, genic = rising from) a problem arising due to or related to a prescribed treatment.
IDIOPATHIC (ID-ee-oh-PATH-ick) an unknown cause of disease.
LETHAL something that kills.
MORTALITY RATE number of people who die with the disease in a certain amount of time.
NOSOCOMIAL (NOS-oh-KOH-me-al) a disease acquired from the hospital environment.
PALLIATIVE (PAL-ee-ay-tiv) something that is directed toward relief of symptoms but does not cure.
PALPATION feeling lightly or by pressing firmly on internal organs or structures.
PATHOGENESIS (PATH-oh-JEN-ah-sis; patho = disease, genesis = arising) a description of how a particular disease progresses.
PATHOGENS (PATH-oh-jens) microorganisms or agents that cause disease.
PATHOLOGIC (path-oh-LODGE-ick) caused by a pathogen or a disease.
PATHOLOGIST (pah-THOL-oh-jist; patho = disease, logist = one who studies) one who studies disease.
PATHOLOGY (pah-THOL-oh-jee; patho = disease, ology = study) the study of disease.
PERCUSSION (per-KUSH-un) tapping over various body areas to produce a vibrating sound.
PREDISPOSING FACTORS also known as risk factors; make a person more susceptible to disease.
PREVALENT occurring more often.
PREVENTIVE something that reduces risk.
PROGNOSIS (prawg-KNOW-sis) the predicted or expected outcome of the disease.
REMISSION a time when symptoms are diminished or temporarily resolved.
SIGNS observable or measurable factors used to determine a diagnosis.
SYMPTOMS what patients report as their problem or problems.
SYNDROME (SIN-drome) a group of symptoms that may be caused by a specific disease but also may be caused by several interrelated problems.
Created by: HIT220
 

 



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