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Chemistry

Chapter 16 Review

Describes liquids that are insoluble in one another Immiscible
Solution containing maximum amount of solute Saturated Solution
Solution containing more solute than can theoretically dissolve at a given temperature Supersaturated Solution
At a given temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid. Henry's Law
Measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a specified quantity of solvent Concentration
Number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 L of solution Molarity
A colligative property related to the fact that ice will form at higher temperatures in the Great Lakes than in the ocean Freezing Point Depression (FPD)
A colligative property related to a decrease in the vapor pressure of a solution Boiling Point Elevation (BPE)
Number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 kg of solvent molality
ratio of moles of solute in solution to total number of moles of both solvent and solute mole fraction
How do you dilute a solution? add more solvent (usually water)
How would you change a saturated solution to an unsaturated one? add more solvent (usually water)
How do you calculate molarity? molarity(M)= moles of solute/liter of solution
What are the colligative properties of a solution? vapor pressure depression, freezing point depression, and boiling point elevation
Ocean water is very salty. What will this do to freezing point and boiling point (evaporation)? oceans will freeze at lower temperatures and evaporate more slowly
What factors influence the solubility of a substance> Temperature for all solutes and pressure of the gas solutes
What are the units for solubility? grams solute/100 grams solvent
Why do only nonvolatile solutes cause the elevation of boiling point? at high temperatures, only nonvolatile solutes remain in solution
What describes the effect of pressure on solubility of a gas in a liquid? it's directly proportional to the pressure of the gas just above the liquid
What is the units for molarity? molarity(M)= moles of solute/liter of solution
What is molaity units? molaity(m)= mole of solute/ kg of solution
Created by: maryscamardo
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