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Unemployment
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Unemployed | The condition of not having a job but being a member of the labor force. Actively searched for work in the last four weeks but are not currently employed. |
| Employed | Those who have worked at least one hour in the previous two weeks. |
| Labor Force | Number of employed persons plus the number of unemployed persons. |
| Unemployment Rate | Equal to the number of unemployed persons divided by the number of people in the labor force |
| Labor Force Participation Rate | The labor force divided by the working age population. |
| Employment-to-population ratio | The number of employed people divided by the working age population. |
| Marginally attached workers | These are people ready and available to work who have conducted a job search within the past 12 months, but have not searched in the last 4 weeks. |
| "Discouraged workers" | People who, for whatever reason, have given up the job search and are not officially classified as unemployed. |
| U1 | The unemployment rate that only includes people unemployed fifteen weeks or longer. |
| U2 | The unemployment rate that only includes people who have lost a job as opposed to those have quit or those who have entered or reentered the labor force. |
| U3 | The official unemployment rate published by the BLS. |
| U4 | The unemployment rate that adds discouraged workers to the official unemployment rate. |
| U5 | The unemployment rate that includes all marginally attached workers. |
| U6 | The most all-inclusive measure of unemployment. Includes all those who are employed part time because of economic reasons. |
| Frictional Unemployment | Voluntary unemployment that occurs when a person enters the labor force and looks for a job. |
| Structural Unemployment | When job seeker's skill sets are not in demand because of geography or obsolescence. |
| Efficiency Wages | A wage that exceeds the market wage. |
| Cyclical Unemployment | Unemployment associated with downturns in the business cycle. |
| Full Employment | The level of employment that exists when the economy is being productively efficient. |
| Natural rate of unemployment | Rate of unemployment that exists when there is no cyclical unemployment present in the economy. |
| Creative destruction | Refers to the ongoing process of technological innovation and industrial decline. |