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Weather
Unit exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 2 most abundant gases in the atmosphere? | Nitrogen ~ 78% Oxygen ~ 21% |
| How are air pressure and altitude related? | They are opposites. As air pressure goes up, altitude goes down. As altitude goes up, air pressure goes down. Air pressure is greatest at the Earth’s surface. |
| What causes global and local winds? | Unequal heating of the Earth’s surface (Land=Solid & Ocean=Liquid) |
| What part of the local winds heat faster? | Land heats faster |
| What part of the local winds cools faster | Land cools off faster |
| Which local breeze occurs during the Daytime? | Sea Breeze |
| Which local breeze occurs during the Nighttime? | Land Breeze |
| What direction does the wind blow ? How does it flow? | From High pressure to Low pressure |
| What is the transfer of energy (thermal) through air (gases) and liquids (water)? | Convection (forms in currents; convection currents) |
| An air mass is a large body of air where ___________and ____________ are similar throughout. | Moisture (Humidity) and Temperature |
| Which front creates the most severe weather? | Cold Fronts (create thunderstorms) |
| The instrument used to measure wind speed is | An anemometer or windmeter |
| What type of front passed if the weather was stormy for a short time then becomes cooler? | Cold front |
| This type of front occurs when a warm air mass meets a cold air mass and neither is strong enough to cause the other to move. It generally brings rain and lasts for several days. | stationary front |
| A maritime tropical air mass is ________ and _________? | Moist and warm |
| What type of air mass forms near the equator? | Tropical |
| What air mass source region (category) means that the air mass formed over water? | Maritime |
| WHAT IS WEATHER? | The state of the atmosphere (Behavior of the air) at any time, including things such as temperature, precipitation, air pressure and cloud cover. |
| What is the 'ology' term for the study or science of the weather (that's short-term weather systems and effects, not long-term climatology)? | Meteorology |
| A dry, cold air mass would be called | Continental polar |
| When a warm air mass is trapped between two cooler air masses, it is called a/an | Occluded front |
| The boundary between air masses is called a/an | Front |
| Where would you find a maritime tropical air mass? | Over the ocean near the equator |
| A dry, cool air masses (cP) often interact with moist, warm air masses (mT). What are the air masses usual geographic source region? | cP is from northern Canada and mT is from the Gulf of Mexico. |
| Explain why the central (Middle) United States is not a good air mass source region. | It is not a good air mass source region because it is located in the middle latitude. Middle latitudes, where surface temperatures and moisture characteristics vary considerably, are not good source regions. |
| What is the temperature and moisture characteristics of cP | Continental Polar - cold, dry, stable |
| If the temperature in the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and western Atlantic is warm and humid the entire year, and the source region is unstable the entire year, what type of air mass is most likely to develop? | Maritime Tropical |
| The pronounced (noticable) cooling that occurs on continents at high latitudes during winter leads to the formation of ____ air masses | cP=Continental Polar - cold, dry, stable |
| In North America the ____ air mass forms only in the summer | cT=Continental Tropical |
| The cP air mass in North America originates (start) in | Interior Alaska & Canada (Take anyone of these answers) High latitudes and over land. |
| Maritime polar air moving into North America usually produces | clouds, fog, drizzle, and cold temperatures |
| We live in this layer of the atmosphere & weather is formed in this layer? | Troposphere |
| Air pressure _____________ as elevation (Go up) increases. | decreases |
| Sea and land breezes happen because __________. | The land heats and cools more quickly than the water. |
| Α Fast flowing, narrow air currents found in the atmosphere at around 36,000 ft. above the surface of the Earth (just under the tropopause)? | Jet Stream |
| How does a warm front form? | The less dense warm air moves up and over the cooler air |
| How does mT from the Gulf of Mexico affects weather? | Heat, humidity, hurricanes, thunderstorms in East Coast and Midwest |
| Warm air on the left Cold air on the right Brought a little rain And it was warm all night! What am I? | Warm front |
| Decide which two-letter air mass symbol best represents the “microclimates”=An ice cube tray | cP=An ice cube tray |
| How do fronts cause weather changes? | Fronts are boundaries between air masses. When a front occurs, air masses of different temperatures and humidities interact. The interactions of air masses cause weather changes. |
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aa110415